Thev ersatilityo ff uransi sf urther exemplifiedb yt hese available
variations:
1. High-bond-strength materials for optimum physical mandates
2. Normal-bond-strength materials for economy and less demanding
physical impositions
3. Hundred percent carbon filled for resistance to all concentrations
of alkaliesa nd most fluorine chemicals
4. Different ratioso fc arbona nd silica for applications requiring
varying degrees of electrical resistance or conductivity
1.3.1.3 Phenolics
The origin of phenolic resins was in Europe dating back to the late 1800s.
At the turn of the century, the only chemical-resistant mortaravailable was
based on the inorganic silicates. These materials possess outstanding acid
resistance but little or no resistance to many other chemicals. The silicates
also exhibitedsignificant physical limitations.
After World WarI,the limitation of the silicates prompted furtherinvestigation of the phenolics. These resins ceased to be laboratory curiosities and
ultimately made their way into amultitude of applications because of their
excellent physical properties. Earlya pplication for phenolic resins was for
moldingo ft elephones and associated electrical applications.
By the 1930s, the chemical process and the steel and metalworking
industries mandated more functional chemical-resistantm ortars for
installing chemical-resistant brick. Besides chemical resistance, they had to
have excellentphysical properties.
By the mid-1930s, the first chemical-resistant phenolic resin mortar was
introduced in the United States. It met the two most important mandates of
the chemical, steel, and metalworkingi ndustries, i.e.,
1. Provide resistance to high concentrations of acids and in particular
to sulfuric acid at elevated temperatures
2. Provide low absorption with good bond strength to various types
of brick, tile, and ceramics while possessinge xcellent tensile,
flexural, and compressive properties
To this day, phenolic resin mortars fulfill manyofthe requirements in the
manufacture and use of the manygradesand concentrations of sulfuric acid.
The steel and metalworkingi ndustries continue to use phenolic resinbased, chemical-resistant mortars for brick-lined pickling, plating, and
galvanizing applications.
Phenolic resins are sufficientlyf unctional to permit use of 100% carbon,
100% silica, or part silica and part carbon as fillers in phenolic mortars. Silica
fillers are the mostdominant for use in high concentrations of sulfuric acid
Chemical Resistant Mortars, Grouts, and Monolithic Surfacings
9
CAT8247—CHAPTER 1—6/10/2006—11:58—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL B–pp. 1–42
variations:
1. High-bond-strength materials for optimum physical mandates
2. Normal-bond-strength materials for economy and less demanding
physical impositions
3. Hundred percent carbon filled for resistance to all concentrations
of alkaliesa nd most fluorine chemicals
4. Different ratioso fc arbona nd silica for applications requiring
varying degrees of electrical resistance or conductivity
1.3.1.3 Phenolics
The origin of phenolic resins was in Europe dating back to the late 1800s.
At the turn of the century, the only chemical-resistant mortaravailable was
based on the inorganic silicates. These materials possess outstanding acid
resistance but little or no resistance to many other chemicals. The silicates
also exhibitedsignificant physical limitations.
After World WarI,the limitation of the silicates prompted furtherinvestigation of the phenolics. These resins ceased to be laboratory curiosities and
ultimately made their way into amultitude of applications because of their
excellent physical properties. Earlya pplication for phenolic resins was for
moldingo ft elephones and associated electrical applications.
By the 1930s, the chemical process and the steel and metalworking
industries mandated more functional chemical-resistantm ortars for
installing chemical-resistant brick. Besides chemical resistance, they had to
have excellentphysical properties.
By the mid-1930s, the first chemical-resistant phenolic resin mortar was
introduced in the United States. It met the two most important mandates of
the chemical, steel, and metalworkingi ndustries, i.e.,
1. Provide resistance to high concentrations of acids and in particular
to sulfuric acid at elevated temperatures
2. Provide low absorption with good bond strength to various types
of brick, tile, and ceramics while possessinge xcellent tensile,
flexural, and compressive properties
To this day, phenolic resin mortars fulfill manyofthe requirements in the
manufacture and use of the manygradesand concentrations of sulfuric acid.
The steel and metalworkingi ndustries continue to use phenolic resinbased, chemical-resistant mortars for brick-lined pickling, plating, and
galvanizing applications.
Phenolic resins are sufficientlyf unctional to permit use of 100% carbon,
100% silica, or part silica and part carbon as fillers in phenolic mortars. Silica
fillers are the mostdominant for use in high concentrations of sulfuric acid
Chemical Resistant Mortars, Grouts, and Monolithic Surfacings
9
CAT8247—CHAPTER 1—6/10/2006—11:58—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL B–pp. 1–42