1
Chemical Resistant Mortars, Grouts, and
Monolithic Surfacings
1.1I ntroduction
The industrialization of America following the turn of the century andt he
subsequent expansion of our agricultural industry created the need for
chemical-resistant construction materials.T he steel and metalworking,
chemical (including explosives), dyestuffs, and fertilizer industriesw ere
the initiali ndustriesw ith severe corrosionp roblems. The pulp and paper,
petroleum, petrochemical, and automotive industries followed with similar
corrosion problems.
Specifically,t he pickling, plating, and galvanizing of metals requires
sulfuric, hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, chromic, nitric, and phosphoric acids.
The manufacture of explosives, dyestuffs, fertilizer,a nd other agricultural
products requires the same acids as wella so ther corrosive chemicals.
The pulp and paper industry,f rom inception of the wood chip into the
digester and the subsequent bleaching of pulp,r equired similar acids.
Sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite,a nd chlorine were additional
mandated chemicals for this and other industries.
Rail, automotive, petroleum, and petrochemical operations, and foodand
beverage sanitationmandates ultimately contributed to additional industrial
corrosion problems.
Early reaction vesselsi nt he process industries utilized lead linings with
or without further protection from various types of brick,tile, porcelain, and
ceramic sheathings. The earlyjointing materials for installing these ceramictype linings utilized siliceous fillers mixed with inorganic binders based
on various silicates, as well as mortar based on litharge and glycerine. The
limitations of thesemortars and grouts stimulated research for better setting
and jointingm aterials for installing chemical-resistant brick, tile, and ceramics. The best brick or tile in the world for installing floors or tank linings is
only as good as the mortars and grouts used to installi t.
CAT8247—CHAPTER 1—6/10/2006—11:58—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL B–pp. 1–42
1
Chemical Resistant Mortars, Grouts, and
Monolithic Surfacings
1.1I ntroduction
The industrialization of America following the turn of the century andt he
subsequent expansion of our agricultural industry created the need for
chemical-resistant construction materials.T he steel and metalworking,
chemical (including explosives), dyestuffs, and fertilizer industriesw ere
the initiali ndustriesw ith severe corrosionp roblems. The pulp and paper,
petroleum, petrochemical, and automotive industries followed with similar
corrosion problems.
Specifically,t he pickling, plating, and galvanizing of metals requires
sulfuric, hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, chromic, nitric, and phosphoric acids.
The manufacture of explosives, dyestuffs, fertilizer,a nd other agricultural
products requires the same acids as wella so ther corrosive chemicals.
The pulp and paper industry,f rom inception of the wood chip into the
digester and the subsequent bleaching of pulp,r equired similar acids.
Sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite,a nd chlorine were additional
mandated chemicals for this and other industries.
Rail, automotive, petroleum, and petrochemical operations, and foodand
beverage sanitationmandates ultimately contributed to additional industrial
corrosion problems.
Early reaction vesselsi nt he process industries utilized lead linings with
or without further protection from various types of brick,tile, porcelain, and
ceramic sheathings. The earlyjointing materials for installing these ceramictype linings utilized siliceous fillers mixed with inorganic binders based
on various silicates, as well as mortar based on litharge and glycerine. The
limitations of thesemortars and grouts stimulated research for better setting
and jointingm aterials for installing chemical-resistant brick, tile, and ceramics. The best brick or tile in the world for installing floors or tank linings is
only as good as the mortars and grouts used to installi t.
CAT8247—CHAPTER 1—6/10/2006—11:58—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL B–pp. 1–42
1