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10 Recycled Water Use Management
Economic incentives. Many applicable policies have been applied, including taxation and privilege pricing, both directly, such as tariff and indirectly, such as taxation
and electricity charges.
Forcing to use. Some sectors, such as municipal miscellaneous use, environment,
and industry, are forced to use the recycled water, or with priority.
Therefore, it could be concluded that the policy on recycled water use is comprehensive, although with departmental impacts. Almost all feasible policy instruments
have been introduced into the recycled water use sector.
10.4 Recycled Water Reuse Management in China
As an emerging issue, the management of the recycled water use in China is exploring
under related management framework. These consist of the basic framework to
manage the recycled use.
10.4.1 Standards
As discussed in the water quality management, the standard system consists of
national standards and departmental standards, and local (provincial) standards if
the standards at the national level (consisting of national standards and departmental
standards) do not cover or the local requires a higher standard than the national one.
As an emerging issue, more local standards are issued for recycled water use.
At the national level, three standards directly related to recycled water use have
been issued. Among them, the most important one is “the reuse of urban recycling
water-classified standard” (GB/T 18919), drafted by the Ministry of Construction in
2002. Five departmental standards have been issued, of which two important ones are
“Standards of Reclaimed Water Quality (SL 368)” and “Guidelines for Formulation
of Municipal Reclaimed Water Use Plan (SL 760)” by MWR. At the same time, eight
local standards have been issued too, such as in Beijing. Additionally, four national
standards are currently under approval or being drafted. Thus, it could be concluded
that the standards are relatively inadequate for meeting the demand.
In terms of contents, these standards cover the fields of use purpose, planning,
and water quality requirements for reuse and special purposes, such as irrigation,
eco-environment, and groundwater recharge. Some quality standards, such as water
quality standards, water quality management in treatment plants, treatment technology and processes, and water quality assessment, are under currently under
approval or being drafted. Therefore, the current standards could not provide the
required support for the recycled water use management.
10 Recycled Water Use Management
Economic incentives. Many applicable policies have been applied, including taxation and privilege pricing, both directly, such as tariff and indirectly, such as taxation
and electricity charges.
Forcing to use. Some sectors, such as municipal miscellaneous use, environment,
and industry, are forced to use the recycled water, or with priority.
Therefore, it could be concluded that the policy on recycled water use is comprehensive, although with departmental impacts. Almost all feasible policy instruments
have been introduced into the recycled water use sector.
10.4 Recycled Water Reuse Management in China
As an emerging issue, the management of the recycled water use in China is exploring
under related management framework. These consist of the basic framework to
manage the recycled use.
10.4.1 Standards
As discussed in the water quality management, the standard system consists of
national standards and departmental standards, and local (provincial) standards if
the standards at the national level (consisting of national standards and departmental
standards) do not cover or the local requires a higher standard than the national one.
As an emerging issue, more local standards are issued for recycled water use.
At the national level, three standards directly related to recycled water use have
been issued. Among them, the most important one is “the reuse of urban recycling
water-classified standard” (GB/T 18919), drafted by the Ministry of Construction in
2002. Five departmental standards have been issued, of which two important ones are
“Standards of Reclaimed Water Quality (SL 368)” and “Guidelines for Formulation
of Municipal Reclaimed Water Use Plan (SL 760)” by MWR. At the same time, eight
local standards have been issued too, such as in Beijing. Additionally, four national
standards are currently under approval or being drafted. Thus, it could be concluded
that the standards are relatively inadequate for meeting the demand.
In terms of contents, these standards cover the fields of use purpose, planning,
and water quality requirements for reuse and special purposes, such as irrigation,
eco-environment, and groundwater recharge. Some quality standards, such as water
quality standards, water quality management in treatment plants, treatment technology and processes, and water quality assessment, are under currently under
approval or being drafted. Therefore, the current standards could not provide the
required support for the recycled water use management.