163
Other phenomenon observed with waste dumps or landfill is generation of leachate (Fig. 4.39) due to moisture within the waste and water entering from environment due to precipitation or surface runoff.
Waste incineration generates numerous pollutants, which can be classified as
organic compounds, particles, gases, and metals (Harrad and Harrison 1996).
The construction and demolition (C&D) waste (Fig. 4.40) generation in 40 countries globally exceeded 3.0 billion tons per annum until 2012 (Ali and Ajit 2018)
posing new challenge to waste and environmental managers.
C&D waste is generated mainly from the following activities (CPCB 2017):
(i) Construction of new buildings
(ii) Construction of new infrastructure such as over bridges/under bridges/subways, etc.
(iii) Demolition of existing, old dilapidated structures
(iv) Excavation/reconstruction of roads
(v) Renovation of existing buildings
(vi) Renovation/installation of water/telephone/internet/sewer pipelines, etc.
The developing countries need to develop complete system to utilize C&D waste
(Ali and Ajit 2018). As per a case study in Bengaluru (India), approximately 30% of
Fig. 4.31 Chicken and
cow feeding on garbage
4.6 Solid Waste
Other phenomenon observed with waste dumps or landfill is generation of leachate (Fig. 4.39) due to moisture within the waste and water entering from environment due to precipitation or surface runoff.
Waste incineration generates numerous pollutants, which can be classified as
organic compounds, particles, gases, and metals (Harrad and Harrison 1996).
The construction and demolition (C&D) waste (Fig. 4.40) generation in 40 countries globally exceeded 3.0 billion tons per annum until 2012 (Ali and Ajit 2018)
posing new challenge to waste and environmental managers.
C&D waste is generated mainly from the following activities (CPCB 2017):
(i) Construction of new buildings
(ii) Construction of new infrastructure such as over bridges/under bridges/subways, etc.
(iii) Demolition of existing, old dilapidated structures
(iv) Excavation/reconstruction of roads
(v) Renovation of existing buildings
(vi) Renovation/installation of water/telephone/internet/sewer pipelines, etc.
The developing countries need to develop complete system to utilize C&D waste
(Ali and Ajit 2018). As per a case study in Bengaluru (India), approximately 30% of
Fig. 4.31 Chicken and
cow feeding on garbage
4.6 Solid Waste