388
Index
exposure in marine and industrial
atmospheres, 288
Galvanic cells, 300
cathodic protection in, 298
Galvanic contact, avoiding in equipment
design, 337
Galvanic corrosion, 9, 36–38, 267, 277,
290
of alloy tank linings, 174
in ceramics, 144
in marine industry, 376
preventive measures, 38
sacrificial metal coatings, 278, 279
Galvanic coupling, 9
Galvanic series, 38
metals and alloys in seawater, 37
Galvanically protective pigments, 201,
202, 203
Galvanized coatings, cathodic
protection, 287
Galvanized steel, 109
comparison with Galfan coatings,
285
pretreatment, 224
Gas inclusions, 215
Gas industry, 371
methods of control, 372
and underground piping corrosion,
371–372
Gas permeation
into PFA, 161
relative, into fluoropolymers, 162
General corrosion, 27–32, 77
tin coatings, 274
Geometric effects, in localized
corrosion, 324
Glass fiber, 344
as insulation material, 346
Glass-reinforced polyester, 338
Glass transition temperatures, organic
films, 211
Glassy phosphates, 367, 368
Gold, stability in atmosphere, 5
Gold coatings, mechanism of control
protection, 266
Grain boundaries, 32
Grain size, and LME, 71
Graphite, as sacrificial anode material,
303
Graphite corrosion, 56
Grouts, corrosion resistance, 140–141
Guanidine, as organic inhibitors, 315
H
Halogens, 30, 128
pitting associated with, 43
and thermoplast corrosion, 166
Hand-tool cleaning, 221
Hard and soft acids/bases, 94, 95
Hardwood
atmospheric resistance, 147–148
painting and weathering
characteristics, 152
Hazardous waste, inhibition concerns,
313
Heat-affected zone (HAZ), 33
Heat treatment, 66
Heterotrophs, energy source, 51
Hexavalent chromium, 293
High-bake phenolics, 177
High humidity, 76
and filiform corrosion, 75
Highway maintenance, MIC in, 53
Holiday tests, 240
Holidays, 200
and need for cathodic protection, 297
Hot service, design considerations, 354
Hydride formation, embrittlement due
to, 62
Hydrochloric acid, 5, 19, 100
Hydrofluoric acid, 30
Hydrogen, safe operating limits for steel
in, 64
Hydrogen attack, 63–65
difficulty of detection, 359
in petroleum refining industry, 359
preventive measures, 67–68
Hydrogen blistering, 62–63
preventive measures, 65–66
Hydrogen damage, 57–58
fisheyes and, 63
flakes and, 63
and hydrogen attack, 63–65
and hydrogen blistering, 62–63
hydrogen embrittlement, 59–62
and hydrogen sources, 58–59
preventive measures, 65–68
Index
exposure in marine and industrial
atmospheres, 288
Galvanic cells, 300
cathodic protection in, 298
Galvanic contact, avoiding in equipment
design, 337
Galvanic corrosion, 9, 36–38, 267, 277,
290
of alloy tank linings, 174
in ceramics, 144
in marine industry, 376
preventive measures, 38
sacrificial metal coatings, 278, 279
Galvanic coupling, 9
Galvanic series, 38
metals and alloys in seawater, 37
Galvanically protective pigments, 201,
202, 203
Galvanized coatings, cathodic
protection, 287
Galvanized steel, 109
comparison with Galfan coatings,
285
pretreatment, 224
Gas inclusions, 215
Gas industry, 371
methods of control, 372
and underground piping corrosion,
371–372
Gas permeation
into PFA, 161
relative, into fluoropolymers, 162
General corrosion, 27–32, 77
tin coatings, 274
Geometric effects, in localized
corrosion, 324
Glass fiber, 344
as insulation material, 346
Glass-reinforced polyester, 338
Glass transition temperatures, organic
films, 211
Glassy phosphates, 367, 368
Gold, stability in atmosphere, 5
Gold coatings, mechanism of control
protection, 266
Grain boundaries, 32
Grain size, and LME, 71
Graphite, as sacrificial anode material,
303
Graphite corrosion, 56
Grouts, corrosion resistance, 140–141
Guanidine, as organic inhibitors, 315
H
Halogens, 30, 128
pitting associated with, 43
and thermoplast corrosion, 166
Hand-tool cleaning, 221
Hard and soft acids/bases, 94, 95
Hardwood
atmospheric resistance, 147–148
painting and weathering
characteristics, 152
Hazardous waste, inhibition concerns,
313
Heat-affected zone (HAZ), 33
Heat treatment, 66
Heterotrophs, energy source, 51
Hexavalent chromium, 293
High-bake phenolics, 177
High humidity, 76
and filiform corrosion, 75
Highway maintenance, MIC in, 53
Holiday tests, 240
Holidays, 200
and need for cathodic protection, 297
Hot service, design considerations, 354
Hydride formation, embrittlement due
to, 62
Hydrochloric acid, 5, 19, 100
Hydrofluoric acid, 30
Hydrogen, safe operating limits for steel
in, 64
Hydrogen attack, 63–65
difficulty of detection, 359
in petroleum refining industry, 359
preventive measures, 67–68
Hydrogen blistering, 62–63
preventive measures, 65–66
Hydrogen damage, 57–58
fisheyes and, 63
flakes and, 63
and hydrogen attack, 63–65
and hydrogen blistering, 62–63
hydrogen embrittlement, 59–62
and hydrogen sources, 58–59
preventive measures, 65–68