384
Index
Conversion factors, 26
Conversion mechanism
in air drying, 239
in baking cures, 239
Cooling water, in petroleum refining,
360
Copper
corrosion resistance, 112–114
in impressed current systems, 305
passive film on, 29
pretreatment, 224
in weathering steels, 105
Copper alloys, 35
brasses, 114–116
bronzes, 116
corrosion resistance, 114
SCC in, 47
Copper coatings, mechanism of control
protection, 264–265
Copper-gold system, 266
Copper-nickel alloys, 116
Copper undercoat, 265
Copper-zinc cell, cathodic protection in,
298, 299
Corrodent velocity, 24
Corrosion
activation and concentration
overpotentials in, 259
annual cost of, 1
attack on nonmetallic materials, 4
cost of, xxiii
defined, 5
direct losses, 1–2
electrochemical basis, 255
indirect losses, 2–3
kinetically limited, 142
by liquid metals, 72–73
mechanisms of, 4
metallic, 4
metallic coatings, 255
miscellaneous factors affecting,
23–24
of paint, 197–198
physical, in thermoset polymers, 167
rate of, 6
rationale for study of, 1
stages of, 218–220
susceptibility to, 4
in zinc coatings, 283–285
Corrosion allowance, 3, 31, 337
Corrosion-assisted cracking, in
ceramics, 144
Corrosion cells, 255–263, 277
mechanism, 257
and standard single potentials, 258
structure, 256
Corrosion controls, 262, 263
anodic control, 263
cathodic control, 263
mixed control, 263
resistance control, 263
Corrosion current, 257
Corrosion density, 14
Corrosion fatigue, 24, 41, 48, 74–75, 326
preventive measures, 75
Corrosion inhibitors, 309–310
chelating agents and metal protected,
323
chromate concentration, chlorides,
and mild steel corrosion, 315
classification, 311–318
inhibition in acid solution, 318–321
inhibition of alkaline solutions, 323
inhibition of localized corrosion,
324–326
inhibition of near-neutral solutions,
321–323
inhibitor evaluation, 310–311
organic inhibitors, 315–317
passivation inhibitors, 311–315
passivator concentration effects on
iron, 312
in petroleum refining industry, 362
precipitation inhibitors, 317
temporary protection with, 323–324
vapor-phase inhibitors, 317–318
Corrosion losses, sacrificial metal
coatings, 280
Corrosion mechanisms, 4, 5–6
cell potentials, 7–8
and corrosion rate measurement, 25
local cell formations, 8–11
miscellaneous factors, 23–24
polarization, 14–18
and polarization measurement, 19–22
potential-pH diagrams, 11–14
Corrosion monitoring techniques, 4
Corrosion potential, 257
Index
Conversion factors, 26
Conversion mechanism
in air drying, 239
in baking cures, 239
Cooling water, in petroleum refining,
360
Copper
corrosion resistance, 112–114
in impressed current systems, 305
passive film on, 29
pretreatment, 224
in weathering steels, 105
Copper alloys, 35
brasses, 114–116
bronzes, 116
corrosion resistance, 114
SCC in, 47
Copper coatings, mechanism of control
protection, 264–265
Copper-gold system, 266
Copper-nickel alloys, 116
Copper undercoat, 265
Copper-zinc cell, cathodic protection in,
298, 299
Corrodent velocity, 24
Corrosion
activation and concentration
overpotentials in, 259
annual cost of, 1
attack on nonmetallic materials, 4
cost of, xxiii
defined, 5
direct losses, 1–2
electrochemical basis, 255
indirect losses, 2–3
kinetically limited, 142
by liquid metals, 72–73
mechanisms of, 4
metallic, 4
metallic coatings, 255
miscellaneous factors affecting,
23–24
of paint, 197–198
physical, in thermoset polymers, 167
rate of, 6
rationale for study of, 1
stages of, 218–220
susceptibility to, 4
in zinc coatings, 283–285
Corrosion allowance, 3, 31, 337
Corrosion-assisted cracking, in
ceramics, 144
Corrosion cells, 255–263, 277
mechanism, 257
and standard single potentials, 258
structure, 256
Corrosion controls, 262, 263
anodic control, 263
cathodic control, 263
mixed control, 263
resistance control, 263
Corrosion current, 257
Corrosion density, 14
Corrosion fatigue, 24, 41, 48, 74–75, 326
preventive measures, 75
Corrosion inhibitors, 309–310
chelating agents and metal protected,
323
chromate concentration, chlorides,
and mild steel corrosion, 315
classification, 311–318
inhibition in acid solution, 318–321
inhibition of alkaline solutions, 323
inhibition of localized corrosion,
324–326
inhibition of near-neutral solutions,
321–323
inhibitor evaluation, 310–311
organic inhibitors, 315–317
passivation inhibitors, 311–315
passivator concentration effects on
iron, 312
in petroleum refining industry, 362
precipitation inhibitors, 317
temporary protection with, 323–324
vapor-phase inhibitors, 317–318
Corrosion losses, sacrificial metal
coatings, 280
Corrosion mechanisms, 4, 5–6
cell potentials, 7–8
and corrosion rate measurement, 25
local cell formations, 8–11
miscellaneous factors, 23–24
polarization, 14–18
and polarization measurement, 19–22
potential-pH diagrams, 11–14
Corrosion monitoring techniques, 4
Corrosion potential, 257