283
Semantic Technologies for IoT
In their final report, they have mentioned that they “do not provide a basis for reasoning
that can ease the development of advanced applications.” This makes it evident that a common description of sensor measurements should be provided.
Future work is to “standardize the SSN ontology to use it in a Linked Sensor Data context” and to “standardize the SSN ontology to bridge the Internet of Things.” These facts
highlight the need to provide a common description of all related sensor measurements
and other details.
13.3.3 IoT-Lite Ontology
Iot-Lite is a lightweight ontology based on SSN to describe IoT concepts and relationships.
IoT-Lite is an instantiation of the SSN ontology. The lightweight allows the use of IoT
platforms that can be extended in order to represent IoT concepts in a more detailed way
in different domains that allows the discovery and interoperability of IoT resources in
heterogeneous platforms using a common vocabulary. The ontology includes IoT concepts
into three classes—objects, system or resources, and services. The devices are divided
into three classes: sensing devices, tag devices, and actuating devices. The services are
described with availability or access control and coverage. The coverage discusses about
the area covered by the IoT device. To describe the units and QuantityKind that IoT
devices can measure, well-known taxonomies qu and qudt are used. Figure 13.8 depicts
the concepts of the ontology and the main relationships between them.
13.4 Semantic Web Rule Language
Rule languages are commonly used in most of the business applications. But, there is little
interoperability between current rule-based systems. The main goal of the semantic web
iot-lite:Polygon
iot-lite:Rectangle
iot-lite:Circle
iot-lite:Coverage
iot-lite:ActuatingDevice
lot-lite:Metadata
iot-lite:Attribute
iot-lite:TagDevice
hasCoverage
ssn:Deployment
hasLocation
hasPoint
geo:Point
hasMetadata
hasLocation
ssn:SensingDevice
qu:Unit
qu:Quantitykind
iot-lite:Service
SubClass
Objectproperty
hasSubsystem
isAssociatedwith
ssn:hasDeployment
exposedBy
hasAttribute
ssn:Device
iot-lite:Object
hasUnit
hasSensingDevice
ssn:Sensor
ssn:System
OWL:Thing
hasQuantitykind
FIGURE 13.8
IoT ontology classes and properties.
Semantic Technologies for IoT
In their final report, they have mentioned that they “do not provide a basis for reasoning
that can ease the development of advanced applications.” This makes it evident that a common description of sensor measurements should be provided.
Future work is to “standardize the SSN ontology to use it in a Linked Sensor Data context” and to “standardize the SSN ontology to bridge the Internet of Things.” These facts
highlight the need to provide a common description of all related sensor measurements
and other details.
13.3.3 IoT-Lite Ontology
Iot-Lite is a lightweight ontology based on SSN to describe IoT concepts and relationships.
IoT-Lite is an instantiation of the SSN ontology. The lightweight allows the use of IoT
platforms that can be extended in order to represent IoT concepts in a more detailed way
in different domains that allows the discovery and interoperability of IoT resources in
heterogeneous platforms using a common vocabulary. The ontology includes IoT concepts
into three classes—objects, system or resources, and services. The devices are divided
into three classes: sensing devices, tag devices, and actuating devices. The services are
described with availability or access control and coverage. The coverage discusses about
the area covered by the IoT device. To describe the units and QuantityKind that IoT
devices can measure, well-known taxonomies qu and qudt are used. Figure 13.8 depicts
the concepts of the ontology and the main relationships between them.
13.4 Semantic Web Rule Language
Rule languages are commonly used in most of the business applications. But, there is little
interoperability between current rule-based systems. The main goal of the semantic web
iot-lite:Polygon
iot-lite:Rectangle
iot-lite:Circle
iot-lite:Coverage
iot-lite:ActuatingDevice
lot-lite:Metadata
iot-lite:Attribute
iot-lite:TagDevice
hasCoverage
ssn:Deployment
hasLocation
hasPoint
geo:Point
hasMetadata
hasLocation
ssn:SensingDevice
qu:Unit
qu:Quantitykind
iot-lite:Service
SubClass
Objectproperty
hasSubsystem
isAssociatedwith
ssn:hasDeployment
exposedBy
hasAttribute
ssn:Device
iot-lite:Object
hasUnit
hasSensingDevice
ssn:Sensor
ssn:System
OWL:Thing
hasQuantitykind
FIGURE 13.8
IoT ontology classes and properties.