• Are there any other groups of animals that enjoy such a high degree of
internationally protection, irrespective of conservation status?
• Should there be a global regime treating marine mammals?
References
Byers M (2013) International law and the Arctic. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Churchill RR, Lowe AV (1999) The law of the sea, 3rd edn. Manchester University Press,
Manchester
CITES (2018) CITES annual meeting sees States stepping up action against the over exploitation of
precious timber and other species, Press Release 5 October 2018. https://www.cites.org/eng/
news/CITES-annual-meeting-sees-States-stepping-up-action-against-the-over-exploitation-ofprecious-timber-and-other-species_05102018. Accessed 23 May 2019
Couzens E (2013) Whales and elephants in international conservation law: a comparative study.
Routledge, Abingdon
Hoyt E (2011) Marine protected areas for whales, dolphins and porpoises, 2nd edn. Earthscan/
Routledge, Abingdon
IFAW (2010) Death Knell for Polar Bears as CITES Votes Against Conservation. https://www.
prnewswire.com/news-releases/death-knell-for-polar-bears-as-cites-votes-against-conserva
tion-88379517.html. Accessed 23 May 2019
International Marine Mammal Project (8 October 2018) CITES Rules Japan Whaling Violates
International Law. http://savedolphins.eii.org/news/entry/cites-rules-japan-whaling-violatesinternational-law. Accessed 23 May 2019
Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force (Undated) Important Marine Mammal Areas
(IMMAS). https://www.marinemammalhabitat.org. Accessed 23 May 2019
Orwell G (1945/1951) Animal Farm. Penguin Books, London
OSPAR (Undated) Marine Protected Areas. https://www.ospar.org/work-areas/bdc/marineprotected-areas. Accessed 5 June 2019
PBSG (2013) PBSG statement on proposed transfer of polar bear to CITES Appendix I. http://pbsg.
npolar.no/en/news/archive/2013/CITES-PBSG-2013.html. Accessed 23 May 2019
Trouwborst A, Fleurke FM, Linnell JDC (2017) Norway’s wolf policy and the Bern Convention on
European wildlife: avoiding the “manifestly absurd”. J Int Wild Law Policy 20(2):155–167
United Nations (1972) Report of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment,
Stockholm, June 1972. B. Recommendations for Action at the International Level. United
Nations, Geneva. http://www.un-documents.net/aphe-b2.htm. Accessed 20 Apr 2017
Further Reading
Bankes N (2013) The conservation and utilization of marine mammals in the Arctic Region. In:
Molenaar EJ, Oude Elferink AG, Rothwell DR (eds) The law of the sea and the polar regions.
Interactions between global and regional regimes. Brill Nijhoff, Leiden, pp 298—321
Molenaar EJ (2003) Marine mammals: the role of ethics and ecosystem considerations. J Int Wildl
Law Policy 6:31–51
Mossop J (2013) Marine mammals in the Antarctic treaty system. In: Molenaar EJ, Oude Elferink
AG, Rothwell DR (eds) The law of the sea and the polar regions. Interactions between global
and regional regimes. Brill Nijoff, Leiden, pp 267–292
80
4 The Global Framework for the Environment and Marine Mammals
internationally protection, irrespective of conservation status?
• Should there be a global regime treating marine mammals?
References
Byers M (2013) International law and the Arctic. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Churchill RR, Lowe AV (1999) The law of the sea, 3rd edn. Manchester University Press,
Manchester
CITES (2018) CITES annual meeting sees States stepping up action against the over exploitation of
precious timber and other species, Press Release 5 October 2018. https://www.cites.org/eng/
news/CITES-annual-meeting-sees-States-stepping-up-action-against-the-over-exploitation-ofprecious-timber-and-other-species_05102018. Accessed 23 May 2019
Couzens E (2013) Whales and elephants in international conservation law: a comparative study.
Routledge, Abingdon
Hoyt E (2011) Marine protected areas for whales, dolphins and porpoises, 2nd edn. Earthscan/
Routledge, Abingdon
IFAW (2010) Death Knell for Polar Bears as CITES Votes Against Conservation. https://www.
prnewswire.com/news-releases/death-knell-for-polar-bears-as-cites-votes-against-conserva
tion-88379517.html. Accessed 23 May 2019
International Marine Mammal Project (8 October 2018) CITES Rules Japan Whaling Violates
International Law. http://savedolphins.eii.org/news/entry/cites-rules-japan-whaling-violatesinternational-law. Accessed 23 May 2019
Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force (Undated) Important Marine Mammal Areas
(IMMAS). https://www.marinemammalhabitat.org. Accessed 23 May 2019
Orwell G (1945/1951) Animal Farm. Penguin Books, London
OSPAR (Undated) Marine Protected Areas. https://www.ospar.org/work-areas/bdc/marineprotected-areas. Accessed 5 June 2019
PBSG (2013) PBSG statement on proposed transfer of polar bear to CITES Appendix I. http://pbsg.
npolar.no/en/news/archive/2013/CITES-PBSG-2013.html. Accessed 23 May 2019
Trouwborst A, Fleurke FM, Linnell JDC (2017) Norway’s wolf policy and the Bern Convention on
European wildlife: avoiding the “manifestly absurd”. J Int Wild Law Policy 20(2):155–167
United Nations (1972) Report of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment,
Stockholm, June 1972. B. Recommendations for Action at the International Level. United
Nations, Geneva. http://www.un-documents.net/aphe-b2.htm. Accessed 20 Apr 2017
Further Reading
Bankes N (2013) The conservation and utilization of marine mammals in the Arctic Region. In:
Molenaar EJ, Oude Elferink AG, Rothwell DR (eds) The law of the sea and the polar regions.
Interactions between global and regional regimes. Brill Nijhoff, Leiden, pp 298—321
Molenaar EJ (2003) Marine mammals: the role of ethics and ecosystem considerations. J Int Wildl
Law Policy 6:31–51
Mossop J (2013) Marine mammals in the Antarctic treaty system. In: Molenaar EJ, Oude Elferink
AG, Rothwell DR (eds) The law of the sea and the polar regions. Interactions between global
and regional regimes. Brill Nijoff, Leiden, pp 267–292
80
4 The Global Framework for the Environment and Marine Mammals