Sustainability of Concrete Structures in Terms …
75
quantity R. The only condition is that the frost resistance parameter substituted into
the k SB calculation should be determined using the same method for all concretes.
Acknowledgements This chapter has been written as a part of project No. 19-22708S, supported
by the GACR—Czech Science Foundation.
References
1. Hrabová K, Vymazal T (2019) Quantification of sustainability of concrete structures. Int
Multidisc Sci GeoConference SGEM 19/6.3
2. European Commission Energy, Strategy-Secure competitive and sustainable energy [online].
available from: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energystrategy
3. The 17 goals, The Global Goals for Sustainability Development [online]. available from: https://
www.globalgoals.org/
4. Hrabová K, Teplý B, Hájek P (2019) Concrete, sustainability and limit states. In: IOP conference
series: earth and environmental science, vol 290
5. Neville MA (2011) Properties of concrete, 5th edn. Pearson, England
6. ISO 15392 Sustainability in building construction—General principles. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva Switzerland (2008)
7. ISO 13315-1 Environmental management for concrete and concrete structures, Part 1: General
Principles, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva Switzerland (2012)
8. ISO 13315-2 Environmental management for concrete and concrete structures Part 2:
System boundary and inventory data. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva
Switzerland (2014)
9. Fib Bulletin 71. Integrated Life Cycle Assessment of Concrete Structures, International
Federation for Structural Concrete (fib), Lausanne Switzerland (2014)
10. Teplý B, Vymazal T, Rovnaníková P (2018) Introduction to an approach to performing
sustainability quantification of concrete structures. In: Solid state phenomena, vol 272
11. Voˇ rechovská D, Šomodíková M, Podroužek J, Lehký D, Teplý B (2017) Concrete structures
under combined mechanical and environmental actions: modelling of durability and reliability.
Comput Concr 20(1):99–110
12. Müller HS, Haist M, Vogel M (2014) Assessment of the sustainability potential of concrete and
concrete structures considering their environmental impact, performance and lifetime. Constr
Build Mater 67:321–337
13. Muller HS, Haist M, Moffatt JS, Vogel M (2017) Design, material properties and structural
performance of sustainable concrete. Procedia Eng 171:22–32
14. Vymazal T, Teplý B, Hrabová K (2019) The assessment and prediction of concrete sustainability. In: IOP conference series: materials science and engineering, vol 583
15. ASTM C666/C666M—15 (2015) Standard test method for resistance of concrete to rapid
freezing and thawing. West Conshohocken, PA, ASTM International
16. CEN/TR 15177 (2006) Testing the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete—internal structural
damage. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels
17. ˇ
CSN 73 1322 (1969) Determination of frost resistance of concrete (in Czech). UHM, Prague
18. RILEM TC 176-IDC (2004) Internal damage of concrete due to frost action. RILEM
Publications SARL 37/274
19. Collepardi M (2006) The new concrete, 1st edn. Grafiche Tintoretto, Treviso
20. Aïtcin P-C (1998) High-performance concrete. In: Stern B (ed). New York, E&FN Spon
21. Shang H-S, Yi T-H (2013) Freeze-thaw durability of air-entrained concrete. Sci World J 2013
22. EN 206 + A1 Concrete—Specification, performance, production and conformity. European
Committee for Standardization, Brussels (2016)
75
quantity R. The only condition is that the frost resistance parameter substituted into
the k SB calculation should be determined using the same method for all concretes.
Acknowledgements This chapter has been written as a part of project No. 19-22708S, supported
by the GACR—Czech Science Foundation.
References
1. Hrabová K, Vymazal T (2019) Quantification of sustainability of concrete structures. Int
Multidisc Sci GeoConference SGEM 19/6.3
2. European Commission Energy, Strategy-Secure competitive and sustainable energy [online].
available from: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energystrategy
3. The 17 goals, The Global Goals for Sustainability Development [online]. available from: https://
www.globalgoals.org/
4. Hrabová K, Teplý B, Hájek P (2019) Concrete, sustainability and limit states. In: IOP conference
series: earth and environmental science, vol 290
5. Neville MA (2011) Properties of concrete, 5th edn. Pearson, England
6. ISO 15392 Sustainability in building construction—General principles. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva Switzerland (2008)
7. ISO 13315-1 Environmental management for concrete and concrete structures, Part 1: General
Principles, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva Switzerland (2012)
8. ISO 13315-2 Environmental management for concrete and concrete structures Part 2:
System boundary and inventory data. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva
Switzerland (2014)
9. Fib Bulletin 71. Integrated Life Cycle Assessment of Concrete Structures, International
Federation for Structural Concrete (fib), Lausanne Switzerland (2014)
10. Teplý B, Vymazal T, Rovnaníková P (2018) Introduction to an approach to performing
sustainability quantification of concrete structures. In: Solid state phenomena, vol 272
11. Voˇ rechovská D, Šomodíková M, Podroužek J, Lehký D, Teplý B (2017) Concrete structures
under combined mechanical and environmental actions: modelling of durability and reliability.
Comput Concr 20(1):99–110
12. Müller HS, Haist M, Vogel M (2014) Assessment of the sustainability potential of concrete and
concrete structures considering their environmental impact, performance and lifetime. Constr
Build Mater 67:321–337
13. Muller HS, Haist M, Moffatt JS, Vogel M (2017) Design, material properties and structural
performance of sustainable concrete. Procedia Eng 171:22–32
14. Vymazal T, Teplý B, Hrabová K (2019) The assessment and prediction of concrete sustainability. In: IOP conference series: materials science and engineering, vol 583
15. ASTM C666/C666M—15 (2015) Standard test method for resistance of concrete to rapid
freezing and thawing. West Conshohocken, PA, ASTM International
16. CEN/TR 15177 (2006) Testing the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete—internal structural
damage. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels
17. ˇ
CSN 73 1322 (1969) Determination of frost resistance of concrete (in Czech). UHM, Prague
18. RILEM TC 176-IDC (2004) Internal damage of concrete due to frost action. RILEM
Publications SARL 37/274
19. Collepardi M (2006) The new concrete, 1st edn. Grafiche Tintoretto, Treviso
20. Aïtcin P-C (1998) High-performance concrete. In: Stern B (ed). New York, E&FN Spon
21. Shang H-S, Yi T-H (2013) Freeze-thaw durability of air-entrained concrete. Sci World J 2013
22. EN 206 + A1 Concrete—Specification, performance, production and conformity. European
Committee for Standardization, Brussels (2016)