The Influence of Grinding Method
on the Particle Size Distribution
of Selected Waste Materials Used
in Concrete Technology
A. Kaleta-Jurowska, K. Jurowski, and J. Kowalska
Abstract In this paper, the properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag and fly
ash, ground using a ball mill were examined. The influence of grinding parameters
on the properties of the obtained material was observed by testing particle size distribution and Blaine specific surface. Rheological parameters of binders containing
ground materials were also determined. The importance of binder fineness in concrete
technology was discussed.
Keywords Concrete · Waste materials · Mineral additives
1 Introduction
1.1 Utilization of Waste Materials in Concrete Production
Production of concrete is a branch of industry, where waste materials coming from
various industry types can be utilized in an effective way [1]. These materials, when
properly prepared and mixed with the Portland cement clinker, are so-called mineral
additives and constitute a perfect supplement to Portland cements commonly used
for concrete production.
Mineral additives used as a substitute of the clinker, which react with calcium
hydroxide produced during cement hydration, are often called “Supplementary
Cementitious Materials” (SCMs). This group includes fly ash, granulated blast
furnace slags (GBFS) and natural pozzolans, as well as strongly pozzolanic additives,
such as silica fume, metakaolin, etc. [2]. These additives are classified in PN-EN 206
standard as type II additives.
There are many possibilities to use the waste materials from various industry types
in concrete. Waste materials may be used as substitutes for aggregates (ground glass,
some plastics, ceramics, rubber, agricultural waste, concrete waste). However, more
A. Kaleta-Jurowska (B) · K. Jurowski · J. Kowalska
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
e-mail: a.kaleta-jurowska@po.edu.pl
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Z. Zembaty et al. (eds.), Environmental Challenges in Civil
Engineering, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 122,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63879-5_11
139
on the Particle Size Distribution
of Selected Waste Materials Used
in Concrete Technology
A. Kaleta-Jurowska, K. Jurowski, and J. Kowalska
Abstract In this paper, the properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag and fly
ash, ground using a ball mill were examined. The influence of grinding parameters
on the properties of the obtained material was observed by testing particle size distribution and Blaine specific surface. Rheological parameters of binders containing
ground materials were also determined. The importance of binder fineness in concrete
technology was discussed.
Keywords Concrete · Waste materials · Mineral additives
1 Introduction
1.1 Utilization of Waste Materials in Concrete Production
Production of concrete is a branch of industry, where waste materials coming from
various industry types can be utilized in an effective way [1]. These materials, when
properly prepared and mixed with the Portland cement clinker, are so-called mineral
additives and constitute a perfect supplement to Portland cements commonly used
for concrete production.
Mineral additives used as a substitute of the clinker, which react with calcium
hydroxide produced during cement hydration, are often called “Supplementary
Cementitious Materials” (SCMs). This group includes fly ash, granulated blast
furnace slags (GBFS) and natural pozzolans, as well as strongly pozzolanic additives,
such as silica fume, metakaolin, etc. [2]. These additives are classified in PN-EN 206
standard as type II additives.
There are many possibilities to use the waste materials from various industry types
in concrete. Waste materials may be used as substitutes for aggregates (ground glass,
some plastics, ceramics, rubber, agricultural waste, concrete waste). However, more
A. Kaleta-Jurowska (B) · K. Jurowski · J. Kowalska
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
e-mail: a.kaleta-jurowska@po.edu.pl
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Z. Zembaty et al. (eds.), Environmental Challenges in Civil
Engineering, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 122,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63879-5_11
139