Calculation of Thermal Dynamic
Characteristics of the Residential
Buildings Living Walls
S. M. Kalinovi´ c, J. M. Djokovi´ c, R. R. Nikoli´ c, and B. Hadzima
Abstract The energy efficiency of green walls, namely, the way of saving the energy
consumption by the dynamic characteristics of the façade walls is presented in this
paper. Calculation and analysis of the dynamic characteristics of walls, with and
without the plant cover, were performed. Comparison of the dynamic behavior of
the facade, with and without the vegetation layer, is given and advantages of the
former are emphasized, as well. Three different walls with different structures, but
of the same individual thicknesses of layers and the same total thickness of the
wall construction, were analyzed. The difference is in the thermal mass layer in
the construction of a wall made of concrete with stone aggregates, solid brick, or
solid blocks of lightweight concrete. Then, the three different walls of the same
composition, as in the previous case, were analyzed, with upgraded layers of the soft
wood and ivy representing the living layer of the wall.
Keywords Heat transfer coefficient · Thermal absorption · Periodic heat transfer ·
Decrement factor · Thermal inertia · Green facades · Living walls
1 Introduction
Majority of the world’s population lives in cities today and the tendency towards the
city life is increasing yearly. Globally, urbanization represents one of the most important environmental issues. Greenhouse gas emissions, reduction of energy sources
and urban heat islands are environmental problems associated with urban density. In
densely populated areas, the replacement of green zones by artificial surfaces is one
of the main causes of emergence of the urban (city) heat islands, the phenomenon
of temperature difference between cities and suburban settlements or villages. As
S. M. Kalinovi´ c · J. M. Djokovi´ c
Technical Faculty of Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, 19210 Bor, Serbia
R. R. Nikoli´ c (B) · B. Hadzima
Research Center, University of Žilina, Univerzitna 8215/1, 010 25 Žilina, Slovakia
e-mail: ruzicarnikolic@yahoo.com
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Z. Zembaty et al. (eds.), Environmental Challenges in Civil
Engineering, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 122,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63879-5_8
105
Characteristics of the Residential
Buildings Living Walls
S. M. Kalinovi´ c, J. M. Djokovi´ c, R. R. Nikoli´ c, and B. Hadzima
Abstract The energy efficiency of green walls, namely, the way of saving the energy
consumption by the dynamic characteristics of the façade walls is presented in this
paper. Calculation and analysis of the dynamic characteristics of walls, with and
without the plant cover, were performed. Comparison of the dynamic behavior of
the facade, with and without the vegetation layer, is given and advantages of the
former are emphasized, as well. Three different walls with different structures, but
of the same individual thicknesses of layers and the same total thickness of the
wall construction, were analyzed. The difference is in the thermal mass layer in
the construction of a wall made of concrete with stone aggregates, solid brick, or
solid blocks of lightweight concrete. Then, the three different walls of the same
composition, as in the previous case, were analyzed, with upgraded layers of the soft
wood and ivy representing the living layer of the wall.
Keywords Heat transfer coefficient · Thermal absorption · Periodic heat transfer ·
Decrement factor · Thermal inertia · Green facades · Living walls
1 Introduction
Majority of the world’s population lives in cities today and the tendency towards the
city life is increasing yearly. Globally, urbanization represents one of the most important environmental issues. Greenhouse gas emissions, reduction of energy sources
and urban heat islands are environmental problems associated with urban density. In
densely populated areas, the replacement of green zones by artificial surfaces is one
of the main causes of emergence of the urban (city) heat islands, the phenomenon
of temperature difference between cities and suburban settlements or villages. As
S. M. Kalinovi´ c · J. M. Djokovi´ c
Technical Faculty of Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, 19210 Bor, Serbia
R. R. Nikoli´ c (B) · B. Hadzima
Research Center, University of Žilina, Univerzitna 8215/1, 010 25 Žilina, Slovakia
e-mail: ruzicarnikolic@yahoo.com
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Z. Zembaty et al. (eds.), Environmental Challenges in Civil
Engineering, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 122,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63879-5_8
105