methane reformation. Sustain Energy Fuels, 3, 1562–1572. https://
doi.org/10.1039/c8se00638e.
Thanarasu, A., Periyasamy, K., Thamizhakaran Stanley, J., Devaraj, K.,
Periyaraman, P., Dhanasekaran, A., et al. (2019). Anaerobic
codigestion of alkali-pretreated prosopis juliflora biomass with
sewage sludge for biomethane production. Energy & Fuels, 33,
7357–7365. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b00836.
Thanh, L. T., Okitsu, K., Sadanaga, Y., Takenaka, N., Maeda, Y., &
Bandow, H. (2013). A new co-solvent method for the green
production of biodiesel fuel - Optimization and practical application. Fuel, 103, 742–748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.09.029
.
Thompson, K. A., Shimabuku, K. K., Kearns, J. P., Knappe, D. R. U.,
Summers, R. S., & Cook, S. M. (2016). Environmental comparison
of biochar and activated carbon for tertiary wastewater treatment.
Environmental Science and Technology, 50, 11253–11262. https://
doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03239.
Tonini, D., Hamelin, L., Wenzel, H., & Astrup, T. (2012). Bioenergy
production from perennial energy crops: A consequential LCA of
12 bioenergy scenarios including land use changes. Environmental
Science and Technology, 46, 13521–13530. https://doi.org/10.1021/
es3024435.
Vadivazhagan, M., Parameswaran, P., Mani, U., & Nallathamby, K.
(2018). Waste-Driven Bio-Carbon Electrode Material for Na-Ion
Storage Applications. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,
6, 13915–13923. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02199.
Valle, B., Aramburu, B., Benito, P. L., Bilbao, J., & Gayubo, A. G.
(2018). Biomass to hydrogen-rich gas via steam reforming of raw
bio-oil over Ni/La 2 O 3 -AAl 2 O 3 catalyst: Effect of space-time and
steam-to-carbon ratio. Fuel, 216, 445–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.fuel.2017.11.151.
Vardon, D. R., Moser, B. R., Zheng, W., Witkin, K., Evangelista, R. L.,
Strathmann, T. J., et al. (2013). Complete utilization of spent coffee
grounds to produce biodiesel, Bio-Oil, and Biochar. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 1, 1286–1294. https://doi.org/10.
1021/sc400145w.
Vargas-García, M. C., Suárez-Estrella, F., López, M. J., & Moreno,
J. (2007). Effect of inoculation in composting processes: Modifications in lignocellulosic fraction. Waste Management, 27, 1099–
1107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.06.013.
Vastano, M., Corrado, I., Sannia, G., Solaiman, D. K. Y., & Pezzella,
C. (2019). Conversion of no/low value waste frying oils into
biodiesel and polyhydroxyalkanoates. Scientific Reports, 9, 1–8.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50278-x.
Vieira, V. H. A., de M., & Matheus, D. R. (2019). Environmental
assessments of biological treatments of biowaste in life cycle
perspective: A critical review. Waste Management & Research, 37,
1183–1198. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X19879222.
Vijayalakshmi, S., Venkat, K. S., & Thankamani, V. (2013).
Optimization and cultural characterization of Bacillus RV.B2.90
producing alkalophilic thermophilic protease. Research Journal of
Biotechnology, 8, 37–43.
Vrbová, V., & Ciahotný, K. (2017). Upgrading Biogas to Biomethane
Using membrane separation. Energy & Fuels, 31, 9393–9401.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b00120.
Waheed, Q. M. K., & Williams, P. T. (2013). Hydrogen production
from high temperature pyrolysis/steam reforming of waste biomass:
Rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, and wheat straw. Energy & Fuels,
27, 6695–6704. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef401145w.
Wallington, T. J., Anderson, J. E., Mueller, S. A., Kolinski Morris, E.,
Winkler, S. L., Ginder, J. M., et al. (2012). Corn ethanol production,
food exports, and indirect land use change. Environmental Science
and Technology, 46, 6379–6384. https://doi.org/10.1021/
es300233m.
Wang, T., Zhang, D., Dai, L., Chen, Y., & Dai, X. (2016). Effects of
metal nanoparticles on methane production from waste-activated
sludge and microorganism community shift in anaerobic granular
sludge. Scientific Reports, 6, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/
srep25857.
Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Liu, R., Zhang, A., Yang, S., Liu, H., et al. (2017).
Biochar amendment reduces paddy soil nitrogen leaching but
increases net global warming potential in Ningxia irrigation, China.
Scientific Reports, 7, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-01701173-w.
Wang, S., Jena, U., & Das, K. C. (2018). Biomethane production
potential of slaughterhouse waste in the United States. Energy
Conversion and Management, 173, 143–157. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.enconman.2018.07.059.
Wang, G., Li, Q., Gao, X., & Wang, X. C. (2019). Sawdust-Derived
Biochar Much Mitigates VFAs Accumulation and Improves
Microbial Activities to Enhance Methane Production in Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion. ACS Sustainable Chemistry &
Engineering,
7,
2141–2150.
https://doi.org/10.1021/
acssuschemeng.8b04789.
Wheals, A. (1999). Fuel ethanol after 25 years. Trends Biotechnology,
17, 482–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7799(99)01384-0.
Widodo, Y., Wahyuningsih, S., & Ueda, A. (2015). Sweet Potato
Production for Bio-ethanol and Food Related Industry in Indonesia:
Challenges for Sustainability. Procedia Chemistry, 14, 493–500.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2015.03.066.
Woodward, J., Orr, M., Cordray, K., & Greenbaum, E. (2000).
Enzymatic production of biohydrogen. Nature, 405, 1014–1015.
https://doi.org/10.1038/35016633.
Wu, C., Wang, Z., Williams, P. T., & Huang, J. (2013). Renewable
hydrogen and carbon nanotubes from biodiesel waste glycerol.
Scientific Reports, 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep02742.
Xiu, S., Zhang, B., Boakye-Boaten, N. A., & Shahbazi, A. (2017).
Green biorefinery of giant miscanthus for growing microalgae and
biofuel production. Fermentation, 3, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/
fermentation3040066.
Yaakob, M. A., Mohamed, R. M. S. R., Al-Gheethi, A., Tiey, A., &
Kassim, A. H. M. (2019). Optimising of Scenedesmus sp. biomass
production in chicken slaughterhouse wastewater using response
surface methodology and potential utilisation as fish feeds. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 12089–12108.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04633-0.
Yan, J., Han, B., Gui, X., Wang, G., Xu, L., Yan, Y., et al. (2018).
Engineering yarrowia lipolytica to simultaneously produce lipase
and single cell protein from agro-industrial wastes for feed.
Scientific Reports, 8, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-01819238-9.
Yazid, N. A., Barrena, R., & Sánchez, A. (2016). Assessment of
protease activity in hydrolysed extracts from SSF of hair waste by
and indigenous consortium of microorganisms. Waste Management,
49, 420–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.01.045.
Yazid, N. A., Barrena, R., Komilis, D., & Sánchez, A. (2017).
Solid-state fermentation as a novel paradigm for organic waste
valorization: A review. Sustain, 9, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/
su9020224.
Yeh, S. I., Huang, Y. C., Cheng, C. H., Cheng, C. M., & Yang, J. T.
(2016). Development of a millimetrically scaled biodiesel transesterification device that relies on droplet-based co-axial fluidics.
Scientific Reports, 6, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep29288.
Yu, T., Deng, Y., Liu, H., Yang, C., Wu, B., Zeng, G., et al. (2017).
Effect of alkaline microwaving pretreatment on anaerobic digestion
and
biogas
production
of
swine
manure
/
631/326/2522/631/326/171/1878 article. Scientific Reports, 7, 1–8.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01706-3.
Bioconversion of Biowastes for Energy Applications
21
doi.org/10.1039/c8se00638e.
Thanarasu, A., Periyasamy, K., Thamizhakaran Stanley, J., Devaraj, K.,
Periyaraman, P., Dhanasekaran, A., et al. (2019). Anaerobic
codigestion of alkali-pretreated prosopis juliflora biomass with
sewage sludge for biomethane production. Energy & Fuels, 33,
7357–7365. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b00836.
Thanh, L. T., Okitsu, K., Sadanaga, Y., Takenaka, N., Maeda, Y., &
Bandow, H. (2013). A new co-solvent method for the green
production of biodiesel fuel - Optimization and practical application. Fuel, 103, 742–748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.09.029
.
Thompson, K. A., Shimabuku, K. K., Kearns, J. P., Knappe, D. R. U.,
Summers, R. S., & Cook, S. M. (2016). Environmental comparison
of biochar and activated carbon for tertiary wastewater treatment.
Environmental Science and Technology, 50, 11253–11262. https://
doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03239.
Tonini, D., Hamelin, L., Wenzel, H., & Astrup, T. (2012). Bioenergy
production from perennial energy crops: A consequential LCA of
12 bioenergy scenarios including land use changes. Environmental
Science and Technology, 46, 13521–13530. https://doi.org/10.1021/
es3024435.
Vadivazhagan, M., Parameswaran, P., Mani, U., & Nallathamby, K.
(2018). Waste-Driven Bio-Carbon Electrode Material for Na-Ion
Storage Applications. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,
6, 13915–13923. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02199.
Valle, B., Aramburu, B., Benito, P. L., Bilbao, J., & Gayubo, A. G.
(2018). Biomass to hydrogen-rich gas via steam reforming of raw
bio-oil over Ni/La 2 O 3 -AAl 2 O 3 catalyst: Effect of space-time and
steam-to-carbon ratio. Fuel, 216, 445–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.fuel.2017.11.151.
Vardon, D. R., Moser, B. R., Zheng, W., Witkin, K., Evangelista, R. L.,
Strathmann, T. J., et al. (2013). Complete utilization of spent coffee
grounds to produce biodiesel, Bio-Oil, and Biochar. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 1, 1286–1294. https://doi.org/10.
1021/sc400145w.
Vargas-García, M. C., Suárez-Estrella, F., López, M. J., & Moreno,
J. (2007). Effect of inoculation in composting processes: Modifications in lignocellulosic fraction. Waste Management, 27, 1099–
1107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.06.013.
Vastano, M., Corrado, I., Sannia, G., Solaiman, D. K. Y., & Pezzella,
C. (2019). Conversion of no/low value waste frying oils into
biodiesel and polyhydroxyalkanoates. Scientific Reports, 9, 1–8.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50278-x.
Vieira, V. H. A., de M., & Matheus, D. R. (2019). Environmental
assessments of biological treatments of biowaste in life cycle
perspective: A critical review. Waste Management & Research, 37,
1183–1198. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X19879222.
Vijayalakshmi, S., Venkat, K. S., & Thankamani, V. (2013).
Optimization and cultural characterization of Bacillus RV.B2.90
producing alkalophilic thermophilic protease. Research Journal of
Biotechnology, 8, 37–43.
Vrbová, V., & Ciahotný, K. (2017). Upgrading Biogas to Biomethane
Using membrane separation. Energy & Fuels, 31, 9393–9401.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b00120.
Waheed, Q. M. K., & Williams, P. T. (2013). Hydrogen production
from high temperature pyrolysis/steam reforming of waste biomass:
Rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, and wheat straw. Energy & Fuels,
27, 6695–6704. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef401145w.
Wallington, T. J., Anderson, J. E., Mueller, S. A., Kolinski Morris, E.,
Winkler, S. L., Ginder, J. M., et al. (2012). Corn ethanol production,
food exports, and indirect land use change. Environmental Science
and Technology, 46, 6379–6384. https://doi.org/10.1021/
es300233m.
Wang, T., Zhang, D., Dai, L., Chen, Y., & Dai, X. (2016). Effects of
metal nanoparticles on methane production from waste-activated
sludge and microorganism community shift in anaerobic granular
sludge. Scientific Reports, 6, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/
srep25857.
Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Liu, R., Zhang, A., Yang, S., Liu, H., et al. (2017).
Biochar amendment reduces paddy soil nitrogen leaching but
increases net global warming potential in Ningxia irrigation, China.
Scientific Reports, 7, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-01701173-w.
Wang, S., Jena, U., & Das, K. C. (2018). Biomethane production
potential of slaughterhouse waste in the United States. Energy
Conversion and Management, 173, 143–157. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.enconman.2018.07.059.
Wang, G., Li, Q., Gao, X., & Wang, X. C. (2019). Sawdust-Derived
Biochar Much Mitigates VFAs Accumulation and Improves
Microbial Activities to Enhance Methane Production in Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion. ACS Sustainable Chemistry &
Engineering,
7,
2141–2150.
https://doi.org/10.1021/
acssuschemeng.8b04789.
Wheals, A. (1999). Fuel ethanol after 25 years. Trends Biotechnology,
17, 482–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7799(99)01384-0.
Widodo, Y., Wahyuningsih, S., & Ueda, A. (2015). Sweet Potato
Production for Bio-ethanol and Food Related Industry in Indonesia:
Challenges for Sustainability. Procedia Chemistry, 14, 493–500.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2015.03.066.
Woodward, J., Orr, M., Cordray, K., & Greenbaum, E. (2000).
Enzymatic production of biohydrogen. Nature, 405, 1014–1015.
https://doi.org/10.1038/35016633.
Wu, C., Wang, Z., Williams, P. T., & Huang, J. (2013). Renewable
hydrogen and carbon nanotubes from biodiesel waste glycerol.
Scientific Reports, 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep02742.
Xiu, S., Zhang, B., Boakye-Boaten, N. A., & Shahbazi, A. (2017).
Green biorefinery of giant miscanthus for growing microalgae and
biofuel production. Fermentation, 3, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/
fermentation3040066.
Yaakob, M. A., Mohamed, R. M. S. R., Al-Gheethi, A., Tiey, A., &
Kassim, A. H. M. (2019). Optimising of Scenedesmus sp. biomass
production in chicken slaughterhouse wastewater using response
surface methodology and potential utilisation as fish feeds. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 12089–12108.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04633-0.
Yan, J., Han, B., Gui, X., Wang, G., Xu, L., Yan, Y., et al. (2018).
Engineering yarrowia lipolytica to simultaneously produce lipase
and single cell protein from agro-industrial wastes for feed.
Scientific Reports, 8, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-01819238-9.
Yazid, N. A., Barrena, R., & Sánchez, A. (2016). Assessment of
protease activity in hydrolysed extracts from SSF of hair waste by
and indigenous consortium of microorganisms. Waste Management,
49, 420–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.01.045.
Yazid, N. A., Barrena, R., Komilis, D., & Sánchez, A. (2017).
Solid-state fermentation as a novel paradigm for organic waste
valorization: A review. Sustain, 9, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/
su9020224.
Yeh, S. I., Huang, Y. C., Cheng, C. H., Cheng, C. M., & Yang, J. T.
(2016). Development of a millimetrically scaled biodiesel transesterification device that relies on droplet-based co-axial fluidics.
Scientific Reports, 6, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep29288.
Yu, T., Deng, Y., Liu, H., Yang, C., Wu, B., Zeng, G., et al. (2017).
Effect of alkaline microwaving pretreatment on anaerobic digestion
and
biogas
production
of
swine
manure
/
631/326/2522/631/326/171/1878 article. Scientific Reports, 7, 1–8.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01706-3.
Bioconversion of Biowastes for Energy Applications
21