The Berkman Center’s work on this project drew upon many within the Berkman Center’s
community for whom the OpenNet Initiative is not their sole obsession. Colin Maclay, the
Center’s managing director, contributed both substantive insights and a steady hand. Catherine Bracy and Seth Young, with the backing of the Center’s wonderful administrative staff, kept
the relevant trains running on time, despite plenty of events that could have thrown them off
the rails. Andrew Heyward, Peter Emerson, Evan Croen, Amanda Michel, Andrew Solomon,
and Patrick McKiernan—along with a group of volunteer advisors—have assisted us in shaping the way that we communicate the findings of our study. Wendy Seltzer and Urs Gasser,
fellows of the Center and also professors of law, each challenged our thinking at many stages
of this research and offered helpful feedback on various drafts that became parts of this book.
Research fellows Ethan Zuckerman, Michael Best, David Weinberger, and Rebecca MacKinnon (now a professor of journalism) went out of their way, as did many other Berkman fellows,
to lend hands and contacts, along with welcome critiques of our methods and our conclusions. A group of our colleagues from around Harvard (Joseph Nye) and at neighboring MIT
(Eric von Hippel) also reviewed drafts and participated in an informal peer review session. We
also have learned much from the participants in the global process to develop a set of ethical
guidelines for corporations operating in regimes that practice censorship and surveillance.
Dunstan Hope and Aron Cramer of Business for Social Responsibility; Leslie Harris of CDT;
Andrew McLaughlin and Bob Boorstin of Google; Michael Samway of Yahoo!; Ira Rubinstein
of Microsoft; Orville Schell, Xiao Qiang, Deirdre Mulligan, and Roxanna Altholz at the University of California-Berkeley; and others have offered valuable commentary and guidance.
Jonathan Zittrain and I thank especially our faculty colleagues associated with the Berkman
Center and Harvard Law School, who in many respects are the reasons we do what we do for
a living. We are grateful to Charlie Nesson, the founder of the Berkman Center; Terry Fisher,
the Center’s faculty director; Jack Goldsmith, one of the most insightful contributors to our
field; Larry Lessig, whose ideas about the regulation of cyberspace through code infuse all
our work; and Yochai Benkler, who keeps reminding us why this all matters.
At the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford, Sangamitra Ramachander contributed helpful research assistance, and Bill Dutton and the Institute’s research staff participated in a number of workshop sessions that helped us test and refine our hypotheses. The
Institute generously has hosted two ONI-related conferences, and its investment of intellectual
capital in the project is much appreciated.
At the Citizen Lab at the Munk Centre at the University of Toronto, a dynamic team of extraordinary ‘‘hacktivists’’ has contributed immensely to the technical and other research work
of the ONI. Nart Villeneuve’s pioneering methods of remote network interrogation laid the basis for the ONI’s technical methodology. His dogged pursuit of network anomalies, questionable practices, and seemingly intractable problems helps drive the engine of the ONI on a
daily basis. Michelle Levesque worked alongside Nart in the early years of the ONI to develop
and refine the ONI’s suite of testing tools. Both of them have approached their responsibilities
Preface
xiii
community for whom the OpenNet Initiative is not their sole obsession. Colin Maclay, the
Center’s managing director, contributed both substantive insights and a steady hand. Catherine Bracy and Seth Young, with the backing of the Center’s wonderful administrative staff, kept
the relevant trains running on time, despite plenty of events that could have thrown them off
the rails. Andrew Heyward, Peter Emerson, Evan Croen, Amanda Michel, Andrew Solomon,
and Patrick McKiernan—along with a group of volunteer advisors—have assisted us in shaping the way that we communicate the findings of our study. Wendy Seltzer and Urs Gasser,
fellows of the Center and also professors of law, each challenged our thinking at many stages
of this research and offered helpful feedback on various drafts that became parts of this book.
Research fellows Ethan Zuckerman, Michael Best, David Weinberger, and Rebecca MacKinnon (now a professor of journalism) went out of their way, as did many other Berkman fellows,
to lend hands and contacts, along with welcome critiques of our methods and our conclusions. A group of our colleagues from around Harvard (Joseph Nye) and at neighboring MIT
(Eric von Hippel) also reviewed drafts and participated in an informal peer review session. We
also have learned much from the participants in the global process to develop a set of ethical
guidelines for corporations operating in regimes that practice censorship and surveillance.
Dunstan Hope and Aron Cramer of Business for Social Responsibility; Leslie Harris of CDT;
Andrew McLaughlin and Bob Boorstin of Google; Michael Samway of Yahoo!; Ira Rubinstein
of Microsoft; Orville Schell, Xiao Qiang, Deirdre Mulligan, and Roxanna Altholz at the University of California-Berkeley; and others have offered valuable commentary and guidance.
Jonathan Zittrain and I thank especially our faculty colleagues associated with the Berkman
Center and Harvard Law School, who in many respects are the reasons we do what we do for
a living. We are grateful to Charlie Nesson, the founder of the Berkman Center; Terry Fisher,
the Center’s faculty director; Jack Goldsmith, one of the most insightful contributors to our
field; Larry Lessig, whose ideas about the regulation of cyberspace through code infuse all
our work; and Yochai Benkler, who keeps reminding us why this all matters.
At the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford, Sangamitra Ramachander contributed helpful research assistance, and Bill Dutton and the Institute’s research staff participated in a number of workshop sessions that helped us test and refine our hypotheses. The
Institute generously has hosted two ONI-related conferences, and its investment of intellectual
capital in the project is much appreciated.
At the Citizen Lab at the Munk Centre at the University of Toronto, a dynamic team of extraordinary ‘‘hacktivists’’ has contributed immensely to the technical and other research work
of the ONI. Nart Villeneuve’s pioneering methods of remote network interrogation laid the basis for the ONI’s technical methodology. His dogged pursuit of network anomalies, questionable practices, and seemingly intractable problems helps drive the engine of the ONI on a
daily basis. Michelle Levesque worked alongside Nart in the early years of the ONI to develop
and refine the ONI’s suite of testing tools. Both of them have approached their responsibilities
Preface
xiii