Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine
Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction. Available via Earth Negotiation
Bulletin. Available via http://enb.iisd.org/download/pdf/enb25141e.pdf
International Institute for Sustainable Development IISD (2018). Summary of the First Session of
the Intergovernmental Conference on an International Legally Binding Instrument under the UN
Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine
Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction. In: 1st Session of the Intergovernmental
Conference (IGC) on an International Legally Binding Instrument under the United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of
Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ). Available via Earth
Negotiation Bulletin. Available via http://enb.iisd.org/download/pdf/enb25179e.pdf
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content/documents/iucn_bbnj_recommendation_paper_draft_21_aug_2018_3.pdf
Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits
Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity (29 October 2010,
entered into force 12 October 2014), 1760 UNTS I-30619
Preparatory Committee established by General Assembly resolution 69/292: Development of an
international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the
Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond
national jurisdiction (2017). Report of the Preparatory Committee established by General
Assembly resolution 69/292: Development of an international legally binding instrument
under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable
use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. UN Doc A/AC.287/
2017/PC.4/2
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (10 December 1982, entered into force
16 November 1994), 1833 UNTS 3
United Nations General Assembly (2002). Oceans and the law of the sea. UNGA Res 57/141
United Nations General Assembly (2003). Oceans and the law of the sea. UNGA Res 58/240
United Nations General Assembly (2004). Oceans and the law of the sea. UNGA Res 59/24
United Nations General Assembly (2015). Development of an international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and
sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. UNGA Res
69/292
United Nations General Assembly (2017). International legally binding instrument under the United
Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine
biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. UNGA Res 72/249
World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002). Plan of Implementation of the World Summit
on Sustainable Development. UN Doc A/CONF.199/L.7
Catherine Blanchard PhD Fellow at the Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea and the
Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law of Utrecht University. Her research
focuses on the sustainable management of fisheries in areas beyond national jurisdiction, looking
at alternative regulatory and governance mechanisms. She joined the Dutch delegation to the third
and fourth meetings of the BBNJ Preparatory Committee as well as the first meeting of the
intergovernmental conference.
Otto Spijkers Professor of public international law at the China Institute of Boundary and Ocean
Studies (CIBOS) of Wuhan University. Previously, he was lecturer of public international law at
Utrecht University, Senior Research Associate with the Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea
(NILOS), and researcher with the Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law
19 Three Structural Pillars of the Future International Legally Binding Instrument. . .
377
Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction. Available via Earth Negotiation
Bulletin. Available via http://enb.iisd.org/download/pdf/enb25141e.pdf
International Institute for Sustainable Development IISD (2018). Summary of the First Session of
the Intergovernmental Conference on an International Legally Binding Instrument under the UN
Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine
Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction. In: 1st Session of the Intergovernmental
Conference (IGC) on an International Legally Binding Instrument under the United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of
Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ). Available via Earth
Negotiation Bulletin. Available via http://enb.iisd.org/download/pdf/enb25179e.pdf
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Recommendations for the Intergovernmental Conference. Position Paper, 2018. Available via https://www.iucn.org/sites/dev/files/
content/documents/iucn_bbnj_recommendation_paper_draft_21_aug_2018_3.pdf
Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits
Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity (29 October 2010,
entered into force 12 October 2014), 1760 UNTS I-30619
Preparatory Committee established by General Assembly resolution 69/292: Development of an
international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the
Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond
national jurisdiction (2017). Report of the Preparatory Committee established by General
Assembly resolution 69/292: Development of an international legally binding instrument
under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable
use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. UN Doc A/AC.287/
2017/PC.4/2
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (10 December 1982, entered into force
16 November 1994), 1833 UNTS 3
United Nations General Assembly (2002). Oceans and the law of the sea. UNGA Res 57/141
United Nations General Assembly (2003). Oceans and the law of the sea. UNGA Res 58/240
United Nations General Assembly (2004). Oceans and the law of the sea. UNGA Res 59/24
United Nations General Assembly (2015). Development of an international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and
sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. UNGA Res
69/292
United Nations General Assembly (2017). International legally binding instrument under the United
Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine
biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. UNGA Res 72/249
World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002). Plan of Implementation of the World Summit
on Sustainable Development. UN Doc A/CONF.199/L.7
Catherine Blanchard PhD Fellow at the Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea and the
Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law of Utrecht University. Her research
focuses on the sustainable management of fisheries in areas beyond national jurisdiction, looking
at alternative regulatory and governance mechanisms. She joined the Dutch delegation to the third
and fourth meetings of the BBNJ Preparatory Committee as well as the first meeting of the
intergovernmental conference.
Otto Spijkers Professor of public international law at the China Institute of Boundary and Ocean
Studies (CIBOS) of Wuhan University. Previously, he was lecturer of public international law at
Utrecht University, Senior Research Associate with the Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea
(NILOS), and researcher with the Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law
19 Three Structural Pillars of the Future International Legally Binding Instrument. . .
377