Strategic Thinking and Theoretical Practice …
713
get deeply involved in the handling of emerging marine environmental issues like
marine debris, micro plastics and unwanted deoxygenated marine environment, and
contribute Chinese wisdom and approach.
3 Practical Approach and Measures for Improving
the Marine Ecological Environment
Since the land and the sea are closely linked, improving the marine ecological environment is inseparable from emission reduction and prevention of land-based pollution, as well as the management and control of human development activities. Therefore, in this new era, we should seek, from the perspective of coordinated management
of the land and sea, a new solution to protecting the marine ecological environment.
It is necessary to strengthen the overall planning and organic connection between the
land and sea, enhance the coordination of land-sea pollution prevention, and pursue
ecological environment protection to thoroughly improve the marine habitats.
1. Coordinating land and sea management and planning land use based on
oceanic conservation and strengthening comprehensive control of land and
sea pollution
The marine ecological environment problems are manifested in the sea, but the root
of these problems comes from the land. The management of estuaries is the key to
improving the coastal marine environment. In the new era, we should take advantage
of institutional reforms to comprehensively resolve land-sea environmental pollution,
covering areas “from the mountain tops to the ocean,” and establish a model where
rivers and the ocean are managed simultaneously, with river pollution, instead of
oceanic pollution, being handled first. We should assess pollutant load into the sea,
find out the total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus entering the sea from the rivers,
and identify the key areas and major industries for pollution control. We should
follow quality control in coastal waters to identify the total (and reduced) amount of
river pollutants entering the sea, carry out refined pollution source management to
control the nitrogen and phosphorus emissions from agriculture, animal husbandry
and urban domestic sewage from the source, and effectively reduce the amount of
nitrogen and phosphorus entering the ocean from the key river basins to help enhance
the environment of major estuaries and bays.
Moreover, we should create a pollution management reversal mechanism of “land
planning based on oceanic conservation” and a joint prevention and control mechanism for oceanic areas and river basins to give full play to the “river chief” system and
effectively combine it with the “bay chief” system, making the local governments
along coastal areas and rivers responsible for pollution prevention and control, and
implementing regional pollution reduction and environmental remediation tasks in
different regions.
713
get deeply involved in the handling of emerging marine environmental issues like
marine debris, micro plastics and unwanted deoxygenated marine environment, and
contribute Chinese wisdom and approach.
3 Practical Approach and Measures for Improving
the Marine Ecological Environment
Since the land and the sea are closely linked, improving the marine ecological environment is inseparable from emission reduction and prevention of land-based pollution, as well as the management and control of human development activities. Therefore, in this new era, we should seek, from the perspective of coordinated management
of the land and sea, a new solution to protecting the marine ecological environment.
It is necessary to strengthen the overall planning and organic connection between the
land and sea, enhance the coordination of land-sea pollution prevention, and pursue
ecological environment protection to thoroughly improve the marine habitats.
1. Coordinating land and sea management and planning land use based on
oceanic conservation and strengthening comprehensive control of land and
sea pollution
The marine ecological environment problems are manifested in the sea, but the root
of these problems comes from the land. The management of estuaries is the key to
improving the coastal marine environment. In the new era, we should take advantage
of institutional reforms to comprehensively resolve land-sea environmental pollution,
covering areas “from the mountain tops to the ocean,” and establish a model where
rivers and the ocean are managed simultaneously, with river pollution, instead of
oceanic pollution, being handled first. We should assess pollutant load into the sea,
find out the total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus entering the sea from the rivers,
and identify the key areas and major industries for pollution control. We should
follow quality control in coastal waters to identify the total (and reduced) amount of
river pollutants entering the sea, carry out refined pollution source management to
control the nitrogen and phosphorus emissions from agriculture, animal husbandry
and urban domestic sewage from the source, and effectively reduce the amount of
nitrogen and phosphorus entering the ocean from the key river basins to help enhance
the environment of major estuaries and bays.
Moreover, we should create a pollution management reversal mechanism of “land
planning based on oceanic conservation” and a joint prevention and control mechanism for oceanic areas and river basins to give full play to the “river chief” system and
effectively combine it with the “bay chief” system, making the local governments
along coastal areas and rivers responsible for pollution prevention and control, and
implementing regional pollution reduction and environmental remediation tasks in
different regions.