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J. He
security. China’s long-term low-carbon emission strategy must be consistent with
its two-stage development goal of modernization by 2050, and guided by the goal
of following the pathway to deep decarbonization—limiting the global temperature
increase to 2 °C—under the Paris Agreement. We should promote the low-carbon
reform of the energy system, create a sustainable economic development model
with a green and low-carbon cycle, study the technological innovation roadmap for
achieving net zero emissions as soon as possible after the mid-twenty-first century,
make the revolution goal of deep decarbonization, and follow a low-carbon economic
development path of limiting the global temperature increase to 2 °C, in order to make
contributions to the world’s ecological security and the common interests of humanity
that are in parallel to our rising overall national strength and international influence.
In the first stage from 2020 to 2035, China, with 15 years of hard work, will
see that a socialist modernization is basically achieved, and the goal of building a
beautiful China is basically attained. This is consistent with the timetable in which
China is committed to achieving the carbon dioxide emission reduction target, with
a synergistic effect on adopted measures, which is conducive to reducing carbon
dioxide emissions. The goal is to thoroughly improve the ecological environment,
forming an overall spatial arrangement, production method, and lifestyle that save
resources and preserve the environment. The urban environment will become beautiful, harmonious, and livable to meet people’s demand for beautiful environment
and ecological products. And we will effectively promote production and consumption revolution to quickly form a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy
and economic system characterized by a green and low-carbon circle that will effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Moreover, we will achieve the targets of
reducing the carbon dioxide emission intensity per unit GDP in 2030 by 60–65%
compared with 2005, non-fossil energy accounting for 20% of the energy consumption mix, and carbon dioxide emissions peaking by around 2030—all the targets are
also conducive to fundamentally controlling and reducing conventional pollutants
to help improve environmental quality and build a beautiful China. Therefore, it is
necessary to realize the implementation and action plan of the Intended Nationally
Determined Contributions (INDC), and make a specific timetable for the peaking
of carbon dioxide emissions ASAP and the peak emission control target. The 19th
National Congress also proposed the goal and measures for strengthening actions and
deepening emission reduction by 2035, in order to get connected with the emission
reduction goals and measures for deep decarbonization in the second stage. Meanwhile, we must adapt to the situation where countries are required to strengthen and
update their intended contribution targets under the Paris Agreement.
In the second stage from 2035 to the middle of the twenty-first century, after a
further 15 years of hard work, China will be developed into a great modern socialist
country featuring harmonious coexistence between man and nature, green mode of
development and way of life. At the same time, an energy transition and low-carbon
development strategy compatible with the deep decarbonization pathway under the
Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rise of no more than 2 °C is established
and implemented. As China’s ecological environment has fundamentally improved
at this stage, the strategy for addressing climate change must go beyond the internal
J. He
security. China’s long-term low-carbon emission strategy must be consistent with
its two-stage development goal of modernization by 2050, and guided by the goal
of following the pathway to deep decarbonization—limiting the global temperature
increase to 2 °C—under the Paris Agreement. We should promote the low-carbon
reform of the energy system, create a sustainable economic development model
with a green and low-carbon cycle, study the technological innovation roadmap for
achieving net zero emissions as soon as possible after the mid-twenty-first century,
make the revolution goal of deep decarbonization, and follow a low-carbon economic
development path of limiting the global temperature increase to 2 °C, in order to make
contributions to the world’s ecological security and the common interests of humanity
that are in parallel to our rising overall national strength and international influence.
In the first stage from 2020 to 2035, China, with 15 years of hard work, will
see that a socialist modernization is basically achieved, and the goal of building a
beautiful China is basically attained. This is consistent with the timetable in which
China is committed to achieving the carbon dioxide emission reduction target, with
a synergistic effect on adopted measures, which is conducive to reducing carbon
dioxide emissions. The goal is to thoroughly improve the ecological environment,
forming an overall spatial arrangement, production method, and lifestyle that save
resources and preserve the environment. The urban environment will become beautiful, harmonious, and livable to meet people’s demand for beautiful environment
and ecological products. And we will effectively promote production and consumption revolution to quickly form a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy
and economic system characterized by a green and low-carbon circle that will effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Moreover, we will achieve the targets of
reducing the carbon dioxide emission intensity per unit GDP in 2030 by 60–65%
compared with 2005, non-fossil energy accounting for 20% of the energy consumption mix, and carbon dioxide emissions peaking by around 2030—all the targets are
also conducive to fundamentally controlling and reducing conventional pollutants
to help improve environmental quality and build a beautiful China. Therefore, it is
necessary to realize the implementation and action plan of the Intended Nationally
Determined Contributions (INDC), and make a specific timetable for the peaking
of carbon dioxide emissions ASAP and the peak emission control target. The 19th
National Congress also proposed the goal and measures for strengthening actions and
deepening emission reduction by 2035, in order to get connected with the emission
reduction goals and measures for deep decarbonization in the second stage. Meanwhile, we must adapt to the situation where countries are required to strengthen and
update their intended contribution targets under the Paris Agreement.
In the second stage from 2035 to the middle of the twenty-first century, after a
further 15 years of hard work, China will be developed into a great modern socialist
country featuring harmonious coexistence between man and nature, green mode of
development and way of life. At the same time, an energy transition and low-carbon
development strategy compatible with the deep decarbonization pathway under the
Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rise of no more than 2 °C is established
and implemented. As China’s ecological environment has fundamentally improved
at this stage, the strategy for addressing climate change must go beyond the internal