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S. Wu
protecting the ecosystems, designating permanent basic cropland, and delineating
boundaries for urban development.” The development from “three spaces” to “three
spaces and three redlines” has promoted the shift of the core of regulating the use of
all territorial space from protecting the single element of land resources to the full
range of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. The national planning
for “three spaces and three redlines” has become a basic system for coordinating
the scientific protection and rational utilization of natural resources. In May 2019,
the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on Establishing a Geographical Space Planning System and Supervising its Implementation.
It proposed that by 2035, China will comprehensively improve the modernization of
the system and capability for regulating the geographical space and basically form a
safe, harmonious, competitive and sustainable territorial space layout featuring intensive and efficient use of the space for production, livable and proper-sized living space
and unspoiled and beautiful ecological space.
5 Exploring the Path of Integrating Industries
and Ecosystems Is a Fundamental Strategy for Green
Development to Transform the Growth Model
Industry provides the basic support for green development. At the National Conference on Eco-environmental Protection held in May 2018, General Secretary Xi
Jinping pointed out to step up efforts to establish “a sound economic system aimed
at integrating industries and ecosystems,” setting the two basic directions for China
to explore green economic development.
1. With the focus on energy conservation and emission reduction, adhere to
the path of green, low-carbon and circular development of eco-friendly
industries
To promote eco-friendly industries means to incorporate the nature into the closed
loop of the economic system. It is a system that generates economic value through
economic activities featuring the most intensive utilization of the minimum amount of
resources and the minimum- or zero-harm burden on the environment. As early as the
9th Five-Year Plan period, China proposed to shift from the extensive to the intensive
economic growth model, offering no specific and well-developed approaches until the
end of the 10th Five-Year Plan period. In response to the huge consumption of energy
resources and the deterioration of the ecology and environment, the 11th Five-Year
Plan officially introduced important measures, such as strengthening energy conservation and emission reduction and developing a circular economy. In 2005, the State
Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Circular Economy,
designating the development of circular economy as an important guiding principle
for the preparation of relevant plans. It marked China’s official launch of the development concept of circular economy. Subsequently, with the development models
S. Wu
protecting the ecosystems, designating permanent basic cropland, and delineating
boundaries for urban development.” The development from “three spaces” to “three
spaces and three redlines” has promoted the shift of the core of regulating the use of
all territorial space from protecting the single element of land resources to the full
range of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. The national planning
for “three spaces and three redlines” has become a basic system for coordinating
the scientific protection and rational utilization of natural resources. In May 2019,
the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on Establishing a Geographical Space Planning System and Supervising its Implementation.
It proposed that by 2035, China will comprehensively improve the modernization of
the system and capability for regulating the geographical space and basically form a
safe, harmonious, competitive and sustainable territorial space layout featuring intensive and efficient use of the space for production, livable and proper-sized living space
and unspoiled and beautiful ecological space.
5 Exploring the Path of Integrating Industries
and Ecosystems Is a Fundamental Strategy for Green
Development to Transform the Growth Model
Industry provides the basic support for green development. At the National Conference on Eco-environmental Protection held in May 2018, General Secretary Xi
Jinping pointed out to step up efforts to establish “a sound economic system aimed
at integrating industries and ecosystems,” setting the two basic directions for China
to explore green economic development.
1. With the focus on energy conservation and emission reduction, adhere to
the path of green, low-carbon and circular development of eco-friendly
industries
To promote eco-friendly industries means to incorporate the nature into the closed
loop of the economic system. It is a system that generates economic value through
economic activities featuring the most intensive utilization of the minimum amount of
resources and the minimum- or zero-harm burden on the environment. As early as the
9th Five-Year Plan period, China proposed to shift from the extensive to the intensive
economic growth model, offering no specific and well-developed approaches until the
end of the 10th Five-Year Plan period. In response to the huge consumption of energy
resources and the deterioration of the ecology and environment, the 11th Five-Year
Plan officially introduced important measures, such as strengthening energy conservation and emission reduction and developing a circular economy. In 2005, the State
Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Circular Economy,
designating the development of circular economy as an important guiding principle
for the preparation of relevant plans. It marked China’s official launch of the development concept of circular economy. Subsequently, with the development models