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Z. Lin
conservation and eco-environmental protection, practice a green lifestyle and actively
play their supervisory role, so as to create a social atmosphere where eco-civilization
is advocated by all, in everything, at all times. As far as the object of governance
is concerned, ecology is a unified natural system, and mountains, rivers, forests,
farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life. Following the inherent
ecological laws, we must set about ecological progress in all respects by making an
overall plan taking into consideration all relevant factors and adopting multiple and
coordinated measures.
On the vertical coordinate, the eco-governance system consists of six layers—
global, regional (international), national, regional (provincial), local and grassroots
(community), with the establishment of national eco-civilization system in the center.
On the lateral coordinate, China, following the thought of “strict front-end prevention,
process control and back-end punishment,” establishes a complete eco-civilization
system featuring clear ownership of property right, multiple participants and equal
emphasis on incentive and restraint, as well as a legal system that effectively restricts
development behaviors and promotes green, circular and low-carbon development,
in a bid to ensure ecological progress with the most rigorous laws and regulations.
The Master Plan for Institutional Reform for Ecological Civilization issued in 2015
pledged to shape a complete eco-civilization institution comprised of eight systems
by 2020, covering property right of natural resource assets, spatial development and
protection, spatial planning, resource aggregate management and all-round conservation, paid use of resources and ecological compensation, environmental governance,
eco-protection market, and ecological work assessment and accountability.
To modernize our ecological governance capability, the CPC committees and
governments on all levels should comprehensively strengthen their capability of
systematic, cooperative, scientific, law-based and sustained governance, focused on
the five aspects of top-level design, overall arrangement and coordination, tackling
key difficulties, institutional development, and the cultivation of eco-culture.
To strengthen the capability of systematic eco-governance, we have to recognize
that ecological progress is a systematic project whereby any detail relates to the
whole picture, so the top-level design has to be scientifically planned to advance
various tasks in parallel and integrate diverse regulations. We should recognize that
mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life,
in which the lifeline of humans rests with farmlands, that of farmlands with water,
that of water with mountains, that of mountains with earth, and that of earth with
forests and grasslands. Ecological governance calls for holistic, coordinated and
balanced measures, which requires us to employ economic, administrative, engineering, technological, legal and publicity approaches comprehensively instead of
making one-sided efforts. We need to keep in mind that man has only one earth and
all countries exist in a community with a shared future. As such, we should make
overall considerations for domestic and foreign factors and actively lead the global
ecological efforts.
To strengthen the capability of cooperative eco-governance, we have to insist that
a beautiful eco-environment is jointly built, protected, governed and shared by all.
Within the government, different departments, levels and regions should cooperate
Z. Lin
conservation and eco-environmental protection, practice a green lifestyle and actively
play their supervisory role, so as to create a social atmosphere where eco-civilization
is advocated by all, in everything, at all times. As far as the object of governance
is concerned, ecology is a unified natural system, and mountains, rivers, forests,
farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life. Following the inherent
ecological laws, we must set about ecological progress in all respects by making an
overall plan taking into consideration all relevant factors and adopting multiple and
coordinated measures.
On the vertical coordinate, the eco-governance system consists of six layers—
global, regional (international), national, regional (provincial), local and grassroots
(community), with the establishment of national eco-civilization system in the center.
On the lateral coordinate, China, following the thought of “strict front-end prevention,
process control and back-end punishment,” establishes a complete eco-civilization
system featuring clear ownership of property right, multiple participants and equal
emphasis on incentive and restraint, as well as a legal system that effectively restricts
development behaviors and promotes green, circular and low-carbon development,
in a bid to ensure ecological progress with the most rigorous laws and regulations.
The Master Plan for Institutional Reform for Ecological Civilization issued in 2015
pledged to shape a complete eco-civilization institution comprised of eight systems
by 2020, covering property right of natural resource assets, spatial development and
protection, spatial planning, resource aggregate management and all-round conservation, paid use of resources and ecological compensation, environmental governance,
eco-protection market, and ecological work assessment and accountability.
To modernize our ecological governance capability, the CPC committees and
governments on all levels should comprehensively strengthen their capability of
systematic, cooperative, scientific, law-based and sustained governance, focused on
the five aspects of top-level design, overall arrangement and coordination, tackling
key difficulties, institutional development, and the cultivation of eco-culture.
To strengthen the capability of systematic eco-governance, we have to recognize
that ecological progress is a systematic project whereby any detail relates to the
whole picture, so the top-level design has to be scientifically planned to advance
various tasks in parallel and integrate diverse regulations. We should recognize that
mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life,
in which the lifeline of humans rests with farmlands, that of farmlands with water,
that of water with mountains, that of mountains with earth, and that of earth with
forests and grasslands. Ecological governance calls for holistic, coordinated and
balanced measures, which requires us to employ economic, administrative, engineering, technological, legal and publicity approaches comprehensively instead of
making one-sided efforts. We need to keep in mind that man has only one earth and
all countries exist in a community with a shared future. As such, we should make
overall considerations for domestic and foreign factors and actively lead the global
ecological efforts.
To strengthen the capability of cooperative eco-governance, we have to insist that
a beautiful eco-environment is jointly built, protected, governed and shared by all.
Within the government, different departments, levels and regions should cooperate