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the distribution of territorial space available for development, adjust the distribution of industries within regions and river basins, foster growing industries that
promote energy conservation and environmental protection, clean production and
clean energy, promote all-round conservation and recycling of resources, ensure
that the systems of production and everyday life overlap in their circular use of
resources, and advocate a green and low-carbon lifestyle of moderation and frugality
and oppose extravagance and unjustifiable consumption. Green development is an
integral component of efforts to achieve economic transformation and establish a
modern and high-quality economic system. Without the system for green development, there would be no modern economic system for high-quality development.
Green development should be the hallmark of a modern and high-quality economic
system in a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
Guided by the new development concept that features innovative, coordinated,
green and open development for the benefit of all, green development, the latest
achievement of socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics, is an
important constituent of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialist Economics with Chinese
Characteristics for a New Era. Xi stressed, “a modernized economy is an organic
whole in which every link, every level and every area of social and economic activities
interact and connect with each other.” It is made up of an innovation-driven industrial system that promotes coordinated development, a single open market system
featuring orderly competition, an income distribution system reflecting efficiency
and promoting fairness, a system for balanced development between urban and rural
areas and between regions, a green development system that is energy-efficient and
environmentally friendly, an opening-up system that is diversified, balanced, secure
and efficient, and an economic system in which both the market and the government play their due roles. The systems form a unified whole and should be built and
advanced with concerted efforts. The system for green development included in the
modern economic system put forth by Xi is the embodiment of Xi Jinping Thought
on Ecological Civilization in the economic field. In implementing the systems, a
people-oriented approach should be followed, the Party should lead the economic
work and ecological endeavor, coordinated efforts should be made to advance the
Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy, and the
relationship between the government and the market should be properly handled. To
build a modernized economy, complete the transformation from high-speed growth
to high-quality development, and initiate changes in regard to efficiency, quality
and driving forces, China should follow the green development approach, improve
resource efficiency, protect the ecological environment, provide more quality ecological products, and meet people’s need for material and cultural life and for a beautiful
environment.
From a global perspective, green development, which is also referred to as sustainable development, green growth, green economy, or inclusive green development, has
become an important part for the change of development paradigms across the world,
and is an important direction of innovation on development theories. Despite differences in meanings, main contents and evaluation systems among other aspects, the
theories and policy frameworks all aim to seek a path to green development featuring
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