112
L. Zhang
of Air and Water Pollution Caused by Industrial Waste, requesting surveys be
carried out to find out the impact of industrial waste on rivers, the air, and water
sources in the region as soon as possible. A national industrial pollution survey
was officially launched. In December 1971, to support the national industrial
pollution survey, the Military Management Commission of the Ministry of
Health organized a seminar to facilitate exchange of experience in industrial
pollution investigation. At the seminar, participants exchanged their experience
in industrial pollution investigation, industrial pollution control and prevention,
revision of sanitary standards, sampling and analysis, discussed the main points
of the plan for industrial pollution control and prevention in 1972 (including the
issue of safe reuse of wastewater for irrigation) and prepared materials for the
first UN Conference on the Human Environment. Before the first National Environmental Protection Conference, the Chinese government gained preliminary
knowledge of pollution in the Bohai Sea, the East China Sea, the Yangtze River,
the Yellow River, the Songhua River, the Fuchun River, the Taihu Lake, and the
Pearl River, groundwater pollution in some cities, air pollution in Chengdu,
Jilin and other cities, as well as the hazards of industrial waste and pesticide residues through a recent survey. Environmental surveys provide important factual materials and enable people to have a more objective and clear
understanding of environmental pollution and the urgency of environmental
protection.
(5) Environmental management measures were further improved. During this
period, the idea of the three-simultaneous system was clearly expressed for
the first time in the document of the central government. In June 1972, the
Report of the State Planning Commission and the State Construction Commission on Pollution in the Guanting Reservoir and Solutions approved by the
State Council proposed that “waste treatment and reuse facilities should be
designed, constructed and put into use at the same time as the main part
of a factory construction project.” At the same time, Beijing and Yunnan
Province formulated regulations for three-simultaneous systems of construction projects. The three-simultaneous system gradually become an important
environmental management tool. Another environmental management policy
at the time was treatment of major pollution point sources within a specified
time limit. In 1972, Beijing received complaints from local residents about
acid and benzene-containing waste gas from 11 factories located in densely
populated areas, including the Hepingli Chemical Factory and Beijing Lead
Wire Factory. These factories were ordered to solve pollution problems caused
by them within a specified time limit. On May 7, 1973, the Hubei Provincial
Reform Committee forwarded the report on the pollution of Wuchang East
Lake and treatment opinions, requesting the extinguishing agent factory affiliated to Wuhan University, Wuhan Second Pharmaceutical Factory, Qingshan
Thermal Power Plant, Wuhan Heavy Machinery Factory, Wuhan Heavy Instrument Factory, Wuhan Thermometer Factory, Hubei University of Medicine, and
the six nursing homes for patients with tuberculosis in Huangjiawan solve the
pollution problems caused by them within a specified time limit. Otherwise,
L. Zhang
of Air and Water Pollution Caused by Industrial Waste, requesting surveys be
carried out to find out the impact of industrial waste on rivers, the air, and water
sources in the region as soon as possible. A national industrial pollution survey
was officially launched. In December 1971, to support the national industrial
pollution survey, the Military Management Commission of the Ministry of
Health organized a seminar to facilitate exchange of experience in industrial
pollution investigation. At the seminar, participants exchanged their experience
in industrial pollution investigation, industrial pollution control and prevention,
revision of sanitary standards, sampling and analysis, discussed the main points
of the plan for industrial pollution control and prevention in 1972 (including the
issue of safe reuse of wastewater for irrigation) and prepared materials for the
first UN Conference on the Human Environment. Before the first National Environmental Protection Conference, the Chinese government gained preliminary
knowledge of pollution in the Bohai Sea, the East China Sea, the Yangtze River,
the Yellow River, the Songhua River, the Fuchun River, the Taihu Lake, and the
Pearl River, groundwater pollution in some cities, air pollution in Chengdu,
Jilin and other cities, as well as the hazards of industrial waste and pesticide residues through a recent survey. Environmental surveys provide important factual materials and enable people to have a more objective and clear
understanding of environmental pollution and the urgency of environmental
protection.
(5) Environmental management measures were further improved. During this
period, the idea of the three-simultaneous system was clearly expressed for
the first time in the document of the central government. In June 1972, the
Report of the State Planning Commission and the State Construction Commission on Pollution in the Guanting Reservoir and Solutions approved by the
State Council proposed that “waste treatment and reuse facilities should be
designed, constructed and put into use at the same time as the main part
of a factory construction project.” At the same time, Beijing and Yunnan
Province formulated regulations for three-simultaneous systems of construction projects. The three-simultaneous system gradually become an important
environmental management tool. Another environmental management policy
at the time was treatment of major pollution point sources within a specified
time limit. In 1972, Beijing received complaints from local residents about
acid and benzene-containing waste gas from 11 factories located in densely
populated areas, including the Hepingli Chemical Factory and Beijing Lead
Wire Factory. These factories were ordered to solve pollution problems caused
by them within a specified time limit. On May 7, 1973, the Hubei Provincial
Reform Committee forwarded the report on the pollution of Wuchang East
Lake and treatment opinions, requesting the extinguishing agent factory affiliated to Wuhan University, Wuhan Second Pharmaceutical Factory, Qingshan
Thermal Power Plant, Wuhan Heavy Machinery Factory, Wuhan Heavy Instrument Factory, Wuhan Thermometer Factory, Hubei University of Medicine, and
the six nursing homes for patients with tuberculosis in Huangjiawan solve the
pollution problems caused by them within a specified time limit. Otherwise,