53
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Rukhsana et al. (eds.), Habitat, Ecology and Ekistics, Advances in Asian
Human-Environmental Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49115-4_3
Chapter 3
Rainfall Insight in Bangladesh and India:
Climate Change and Environmental
Perspective
Tapash Mandal, Jayanta Das, A. T. M. Sakiur Rahman, and Piu Saha
3.1 Introduction
Climatic variability and change are the most significant issue for present-day discussion. It affects human life and global ecosystem in several ways, for example,
food security, energy security, frequency of flood and drought, transport system and
water resource management (Ramos 2001; IPCC 2014; Mukhopadhyay et al. 2016).
However, the impact of climate change has gained much consideration on hydrological cycle, and in the future it would be very thoughtful for the accessibility of
freshwater and the long-term pattern of precipitation (Sethi et al. 2015).
Precipitation is not only the meteorological variables but also the leading operator
of the biotic environment and plays most significant role in agricultural production
among all climatic parameters (Rahman et al. (2017). Additionally, the changes in
climatic conditions have altered effects in the regions which are geographically
diverse (Hamilton et al. 2001). India and Bangladesh are the tropical monsoon country of Southeast Asia whose economy is highly vulnerable because of climate change
(IPCC 2007; Yusuf and Francisco 2009) and spatio-temporal variation of rainfall. The
economy of these two countries is strongly agricultural-based and most of the people
(about 80%) are directly or indirectly depends on primary economic activity. In addition, these two countries getting maximum rainfall during summer monsoon and least
T. Mandal
Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India
J. Das (*)
Department of Geography, Rampurhat College, Rampurhat, Birbhum,
West Bengal, India
A. T. M. S. Rahman
Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
P. Saha
Department of Geography, Chhatrapati Sahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Rukhsana et al. (eds.), Habitat, Ecology and Ekistics, Advances in Asian
Human-Environmental Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49115-4_3
Chapter 3
Rainfall Insight in Bangladesh and India:
Climate Change and Environmental
Perspective
Tapash Mandal, Jayanta Das, A. T. M. Sakiur Rahman, and Piu Saha
3.1 Introduction
Climatic variability and change are the most significant issue for present-day discussion. It affects human life and global ecosystem in several ways, for example,
food security, energy security, frequency of flood and drought, transport system and
water resource management (Ramos 2001; IPCC 2014; Mukhopadhyay et al. 2016).
However, the impact of climate change has gained much consideration on hydrological cycle, and in the future it would be very thoughtful for the accessibility of
freshwater and the long-term pattern of precipitation (Sethi et al. 2015).
Precipitation is not only the meteorological variables but also the leading operator
of the biotic environment and plays most significant role in agricultural production
among all climatic parameters (Rahman et al. (2017). Additionally, the changes in
climatic conditions have altered effects in the regions which are geographically
diverse (Hamilton et al. 2001). India and Bangladesh are the tropical monsoon country of Southeast Asia whose economy is highly vulnerable because of climate change
(IPCC 2007; Yusuf and Francisco 2009) and spatio-temporal variation of rainfall. The
economy of these two countries is strongly agricultural-based and most of the people
(about 80%) are directly or indirectly depends on primary economic activity. In addition, these two countries getting maximum rainfall during summer monsoon and least
T. Mandal
Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India
J. Das (*)
Department of Geography, Rampurhat College, Rampurhat, Birbhum,
West Bengal, India
A. T. M. S. Rahman
Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
P. Saha
Department of Geography, Chhatrapati Sahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India