330
Green energy, 44
Greenhouse gases (GHGs), 13, 67, 116
Green Revolution, 279
H
Habitat fragmentation, 76
Healthcare, 220
Heritage building, 137
Heritage Conservation Committee of
Kolkata, 137
Himalayan foothill zone
agricultural fields, 290
agricultural lands, 289
agricultural practices, 285, 287, 288
agriculture, 279
crop productivity, 288
cropping pattern, 288
dong-bandh system, 280, 281, 283–285
environmental and social problems, 279
ethnic communities, 280
influence, 288
local communities, 280
monsoon season, 289
study area, 281
surface irrigation projects, 279
traditional irrigation system, 285, 287, 288
traditional knowledge, 280
water management systems, 282, 283
Historical ecology, 4
History of mankind, 4
Household carbon footprints, 120, 122
Human-elephant conflict, 75, 76, 78,
81, 86, 87
Human Geography, 179
I
Indian Market Research Bureau International
(IMRB), 310
Industrialization, 4, 67
Innovative trend analysis (ITA), 54, 58,
63–65, 67–69
Integrated solid waste management
(ISWM), 106, 107
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC), 18, 115, 208
Internally displaced persons (IDPs), 208
International Energy Agency (IEA), 115
International Organization for Migrants
(IOM), 222
J
Joint Forest Management, 87
K
Ketugram, 227, 230, 237, 238, 243
Kharia Sabar
culture, 185, 186
death, 187
ecology, 185
economy, 187, 188
hunting, 188
marriage, 186, 187
polity, 189
social structure, 185
Kolkata city, 166
Kolkata Metropolitan Area (KMA), 116, 164,
165, 175, 317
Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC), 116,
137, 148, 319
L
Land degradation, 31, 32
Land erosion
adaptations, 218, 221, 222
anthropogenic activities, 213
climate change, 210
climatic disasters, 210
environmental displacement, 207–209
environmental stresses, 210, 214–216, 218
geomorphological characters, 212
geophysical disasters, 210
land loss and population
displacement, 210
movement of settlements, 210
natural processes, 213
objectives and methodology, 213
resilience, 209, 213, 221
socio-economic stresses, 218–221
Land fragmentation model, 80
Land use and land cover (LULC), 6, 166
Land use change, 168
Legal framework, 108
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), 122
Livelihood opportunities, 7
Loss of biodiversity, 25, 26
Loss of wetland, 33, 35
M
Mann-Kendall (MK) test, 54, 56, 58, 59
Manufacturers’ Association for Information
Technology (MAIT), 314
Market integration, 7
Meteorological drought, 264, 266
Migration, 7
Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate
Change (MoEF&CC), 12
Index
Green energy, 44
Greenhouse gases (GHGs), 13, 67, 116
Green Revolution, 279
H
Habitat fragmentation, 76
Healthcare, 220
Heritage building, 137
Heritage Conservation Committee of
Kolkata, 137
Himalayan foothill zone
agricultural fields, 290
agricultural lands, 289
agricultural practices, 285, 287, 288
agriculture, 279
crop productivity, 288
cropping pattern, 288
dong-bandh system, 280, 281, 283–285
environmental and social problems, 279
ethnic communities, 280
influence, 288
local communities, 280
monsoon season, 289
study area, 281
surface irrigation projects, 279
traditional irrigation system, 285, 287, 288
traditional knowledge, 280
water management systems, 282, 283
Historical ecology, 4
History of mankind, 4
Household carbon footprints, 120, 122
Human-elephant conflict, 75, 76, 78,
81, 86, 87
Human Geography, 179
I
Indian Market Research Bureau International
(IMRB), 310
Industrialization, 4, 67
Innovative trend analysis (ITA), 54, 58,
63–65, 67–69
Integrated solid waste management
(ISWM), 106, 107
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC), 18, 115, 208
Internally displaced persons (IDPs), 208
International Energy Agency (IEA), 115
International Organization for Migrants
(IOM), 222
J
Joint Forest Management, 87
K
Ketugram, 227, 230, 237, 238, 243
Kharia Sabar
culture, 185, 186
death, 187
ecology, 185
economy, 187, 188
hunting, 188
marriage, 186, 187
polity, 189
social structure, 185
Kolkata city, 166
Kolkata Metropolitan Area (KMA), 116, 164,
165, 175, 317
Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC), 116,
137, 148, 319
L
Land degradation, 31, 32
Land erosion
adaptations, 218, 221, 222
anthropogenic activities, 213
climate change, 210
climatic disasters, 210
environmental displacement, 207–209
environmental stresses, 210, 214–216, 218
geomorphological characters, 212
geophysical disasters, 210
land loss and population
displacement, 210
movement of settlements, 210
natural processes, 213
objectives and methodology, 213
resilience, 209, 213, 221
socio-economic stresses, 218–221
Land fragmentation model, 80
Land use and land cover (LULC), 6, 166
Land use change, 168
Legal framework, 108
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), 122
Livelihood opportunities, 7
Loss of biodiversity, 25, 26
Loss of wetland, 33, 35
M
Mann-Kendall (MK) test, 54, 56, 58, 59
Manufacturers’ Association for Information
Technology (MAIT), 314
Market integration, 7
Meteorological drought, 264, 266
Migration, 7
Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate
Change (MoEF&CC), 12
Index