5. Reporters Without Borders, ‘‘Dubai Urged to Reverse Decision, Taken under Pressure from
Musharraf, to Suspend Broadcasting by Two Pakistani TV Stations,’’ November 17, 2007, http://
www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=24415.
6. Lynne Roberts, ‘‘Pakistan TV to Resume Dubai Broadcasts,’’ Arabian Business, November 19,
2007, http://www.arabianbusiness.com/504302-pakistan-tv-to-resume-dubai-broadcasts.
7. Tom Gara, ‘‘UAE Leads Region in IT, Says Report,’’ The National, April 16, 2009, http://www
.thenational.ae/article/20090416/BUSINESS/448045865/-1/ART.
8. Khaleej Times, ‘‘UAE Will Spend $3.3b in IT and Communications,’’ March 19, 2009, http://
www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?col=§ion=business&xfile=data/business/2009/
March/business_March818.xml.
9. International Telecommunication Union (ITU), ‘‘Internet Indicators: Subscribers, Users, and
Broadband Subscribers,’’ 2008, http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/icteye/Reporting/ShowReportFrame.aspx
?ReportName=/WTI/InformationTechnologyPublic&RP_intYear=2008&RP_intLanguageID=1.
10. Arab Advisors Group, ‘‘Cementing Its Stance as the Arab World’s Internet Leader, the UAE’s
ADSL Penetration Reached around 11% by End of 2008,’’ March 16, 2009, http://www.arabadvisors
.com/Pressers/presser-160309.htm-1.
11. UAE Interact, ‘‘United Arab Emirates Yearbook 2007: Infrastructure,’’ http://www.uaeinteract
.com/uaeint_misc/pdf_2008/English_2008/eyb6.pdf.
12. Tom Gara, ‘‘Du Relies on Network Sharing to Compete,’’ The National, April 24, 2009, http://
www.thenational.ae/article/20090425/BUSINESS/704249787/1005.
13. Ibid.
14. Gulf News, ‘‘UAE National Media Council Welcomes All Debates on Draft Media Law,’’ April
13, 2009, http://www.gulfnews.com/nation/Media/10303708.html.
15. Alia Al Theeb, ‘‘Draft Media Law: Journalists ‘Will Insist on Changes,’ ’’ Gulf News, April 28,
2009, http://www.gulfnews.com/nation/Media/10308566.html.
16. Human Rights Watch, ‘‘UAE: Media Law Undermines Free Expression,’’ April 13, 2009, http://
www.hrw.org/en/news/2009/04/13/uae-media-law-undermines-free-expression.
17. Committee to Protect Journalists, ‘‘CPJ Concerned about UAE Draft Media Law,’’ March 9,
2009, http://cpj.org/2009/03/cpj-concerned-about-uae-draft-media-law.php.
18. Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA), http://www.tra.org.ae.
19. Internet Access Management (IAM) policy, http://www.etisalat.ae/assets/document/
blockcontent.pdf.
20. Gulf News, ‘‘UAE Cyber Crimes Law,’’ November 2, 2007, http://archive.gulfnews.com/uae/
uaessentials/more_stories/10018507.html; Cyber-Crime Law No. 2 of 2006, Articles 15, 16, and 20.
21. Amnesty International, ‘‘UAE—Amnesty International Report 2008,’’ http://www.amnesty
.org/en/region/uae/report-2008.
United Arab Emirates
597
Musharraf, to Suspend Broadcasting by Two Pakistani TV Stations,’’ November 17, 2007, http://
www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=24415.
6. Lynne Roberts, ‘‘Pakistan TV to Resume Dubai Broadcasts,’’ Arabian Business, November 19,
2007, http://www.arabianbusiness.com/504302-pakistan-tv-to-resume-dubai-broadcasts.
7. Tom Gara, ‘‘UAE Leads Region in IT, Says Report,’’ The National, April 16, 2009, http://www
.thenational.ae/article/20090416/BUSINESS/448045865/-1/ART.
8. Khaleej Times, ‘‘UAE Will Spend $3.3b in IT and Communications,’’ March 19, 2009, http://
www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?col=§ion=business&xfile=data/business/2009/
March/business_March818.xml.
9. International Telecommunication Union (ITU), ‘‘Internet Indicators: Subscribers, Users, and
Broadband Subscribers,’’ 2008, http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/icteye/Reporting/ShowReportFrame.aspx
?ReportName=/WTI/InformationTechnologyPublic&RP_intYear=2008&RP_intLanguageID=1.
10. Arab Advisors Group, ‘‘Cementing Its Stance as the Arab World’s Internet Leader, the UAE’s
ADSL Penetration Reached around 11% by End of 2008,’’ March 16, 2009, http://www.arabadvisors
.com/Pressers/presser-160309.htm-1.
11. UAE Interact, ‘‘United Arab Emirates Yearbook 2007: Infrastructure,’’ http://www.uaeinteract
.com/uaeint_misc/pdf_2008/English_2008/eyb6.pdf.
12. Tom Gara, ‘‘Du Relies on Network Sharing to Compete,’’ The National, April 24, 2009, http://
www.thenational.ae/article/20090425/BUSINESS/704249787/1005.
13. Ibid.
14. Gulf News, ‘‘UAE National Media Council Welcomes All Debates on Draft Media Law,’’ April
13, 2009, http://www.gulfnews.com/nation/Media/10303708.html.
15. Alia Al Theeb, ‘‘Draft Media Law: Journalists ‘Will Insist on Changes,’ ’’ Gulf News, April 28,
2009, http://www.gulfnews.com/nation/Media/10308566.html.
16. Human Rights Watch, ‘‘UAE: Media Law Undermines Free Expression,’’ April 13, 2009, http://
www.hrw.org/en/news/2009/04/13/uae-media-law-undermines-free-expression.
17. Committee to Protect Journalists, ‘‘CPJ Concerned about UAE Draft Media Law,’’ March 9,
2009, http://cpj.org/2009/03/cpj-concerned-about-uae-draft-media-law.php.
18. Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA), http://www.tra.org.ae.
19. Internet Access Management (IAM) policy, http://www.etisalat.ae/assets/document/
blockcontent.pdf.
20. Gulf News, ‘‘UAE Cyber Crimes Law,’’ November 2, 2007, http://archive.gulfnews.com/uae/
uaessentials/more_stories/10018507.html; Cyber-Crime Law No. 2 of 2006, Articles 15, 16, and 20.
21. Amnesty International, ‘‘UAE—Amnesty International Report 2008,’’ http://www.amnesty
.org/en/region/uae/report-2008.
United Arab Emirates
597