16. SCS-Net/Aloola Web site, http://www.scs-net.org/.
17. Zawya.com, ‘‘Syria: MTN and Syriatel Both Launch 3G Services,’’ January 21, 2009, http://
ae.zawya.com/countries/sy/macrowatch.cfm?eiusection=MTN%20AND%20SYRIATEL%20BOTH
%20LAUNCH%203G%20SERVICES&pass=1.
18. Phil Sands, ‘‘Syria Tightens Control over Internet,’’ The National, September 30, 2008, http://
www.thenational.ae/article/20080930/FOREIGN/664681062/1135.
19. International Relations and Security Network, ‘‘Syrian Youth Break through Internet Blocks,’’
June 3, 2008, http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Current-Affairs/Security-Watch/Detail/?ots591=4888CAA0
-B3DB-1461-98B9-E20E7B9C13D4&lng=en&id=88422.
20. Freedom House, ‘‘Map of Press Freedom 2008,’’ http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm
?page=251&year=2008.
21. Khaled Yacoub Oweis, ‘‘Syria Expands ‘Iron Censorship’ over Internet,’’ Reuters, March 13,
2008, http://uk.reuters.com/article/internetNews/idUKL138353620080313?sp=true.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid.
24. Reporters Without Borders, ‘‘Cyber-Dissident Habib Saleh Sentenced to Three Years in Jail,’’
March 16, 2009, http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=30591.
25. Gideon Spitzer, ‘‘Dissident Watch: Tariq Biasi,’’ Middle East Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 1 (2009):
96, http://www.meforum.org/2098/dissident-watch-tariq-biasi#_ftn2.
26. Reporters Without Borders, ‘‘Lawyer Held for 12 Days Is Latest Victim of Government Harassment of Opposition Websites,’’ August 18, 2008, http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=28190.
27. Khaled Yacoub Oweis, ‘‘Syria Blocks Facebook in Internet Crackdown,’’ Reuters, November,
23, 2007, http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSOWE37285020071123.
28. Ibid.
29. Khaled Yacoub Oweis, ‘‘Syria Expands ‘Iron Censorship’ over Internet,’’ Reuters, March 13,
2008, http://uk.reuters.com/article/internetNews/idUKL138353620080313?sp=true.
30. Arabic Network for Human Rights Information, ‘‘Arabic Network for Human Rights Information’s Website Is Entirely Blocked in Syria,’’ September 29, 2008, http://www.anhri.net/en/reports/
2008/pr0929.shtml.
31. Omar Abdelatif, ‘‘Opening Up an Internet Cafe ´ in Syria? Good Luck,’’ Menassat, June 13,
2008, http://www.menassat.com/?q=en/news-articles/3943-opening-internet-caf-syria-good-luck.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Syrian Telecom, http://www.ste.gov.sy.
578
Syria
17. Zawya.com, ‘‘Syria: MTN and Syriatel Both Launch 3G Services,’’ January 21, 2009, http://
ae.zawya.com/countries/sy/macrowatch.cfm?eiusection=MTN%20AND%20SYRIATEL%20BOTH
%20LAUNCH%203G%20SERVICES&pass=1.
18. Phil Sands, ‘‘Syria Tightens Control over Internet,’’ The National, September 30, 2008, http://
www.thenational.ae/article/20080930/FOREIGN/664681062/1135.
19. International Relations and Security Network, ‘‘Syrian Youth Break through Internet Blocks,’’
June 3, 2008, http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Current-Affairs/Security-Watch/Detail/?ots591=4888CAA0
-B3DB-1461-98B9-E20E7B9C13D4&lng=en&id=88422.
20. Freedom House, ‘‘Map of Press Freedom 2008,’’ http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm
?page=251&year=2008.
21. Khaled Yacoub Oweis, ‘‘Syria Expands ‘Iron Censorship’ over Internet,’’ Reuters, March 13,
2008, http://uk.reuters.com/article/internetNews/idUKL138353620080313?sp=true.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid.
24. Reporters Without Borders, ‘‘Cyber-Dissident Habib Saleh Sentenced to Three Years in Jail,’’
March 16, 2009, http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=30591.
25. Gideon Spitzer, ‘‘Dissident Watch: Tariq Biasi,’’ Middle East Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 1 (2009):
96, http://www.meforum.org/2098/dissident-watch-tariq-biasi#_ftn2.
26. Reporters Without Borders, ‘‘Lawyer Held for 12 Days Is Latest Victim of Government Harassment of Opposition Websites,’’ August 18, 2008, http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=28190.
27. Khaled Yacoub Oweis, ‘‘Syria Blocks Facebook in Internet Crackdown,’’ Reuters, November,
23, 2007, http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSOWE37285020071123.
28. Ibid.
29. Khaled Yacoub Oweis, ‘‘Syria Expands ‘Iron Censorship’ over Internet,’’ Reuters, March 13,
2008, http://uk.reuters.com/article/internetNews/idUKL138353620080313?sp=true.
30. Arabic Network for Human Rights Information, ‘‘Arabic Network for Human Rights Information’s Website Is Entirely Blocked in Syria,’’ September 29, 2008, http://www.anhri.net/en/reports/
2008/pr0929.shtml.
31. Omar Abdelatif, ‘‘Opening Up an Internet Cafe ´ in Syria? Good Luck,’’ Menassat, June 13,
2008, http://www.menassat.com/?q=en/news-articles/3943-opening-internet-caf-syria-good-luck.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Syrian Telecom, http://www.ste.gov.sy.
578
Syria