-propaganda-machine-filter-the-steam.aspx; OpenNet Initiative Blog, ‘‘China’s Net Nannies in Full
Force After Riot in Southern China,’’ July 2, 2008, http://opennet.net/blog/2008/07/china
%E2%80%99s-net-nannies-full-force-after-riot-southern-china.
119. OpenNet Initiative Blog, ‘‘China’s Net Nannies in Full Force after Riot in Southern China,’’
July 2, 2008, http://opennet.net/blog/2008/07/china%E2%80%99s-net-nannies-full-force-after
-riot-southern-china.
120. Roland Soong, ‘‘The Weng’an Mass Incident,’’ EastSouthWestNorth blog, July 1, 2008,
http://www.zonaeuropa.com/20080701_1.htm.
121. Xinhua News Agency, ‘‘Final Autopsy Shows Girl in Southwest China Protest Drowned,’’
July 10, 2008, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-07/10/content_8519852.htm.
122. Rebecca MacKinnon, ‘‘China’s Censorship 2.0: How Companies Censor Bloggers,’’ First
Monday, 14, No. 2 (2009), http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/
2378/2089.
123. Nart Villeneuve, ‘‘Search Monitor Project: Toward a Measure of Transparency’’ (Working
paper, Citizen Lab, University of Toronto, June 2008), http://www.citizenlab.org/papers/
searchmonitor.pdf.
124. Ibid.
125. China Digital Times, ‘‘Baidu’s Internal Monitoring and Censorship Document Leaked (1)
(Updated),’’ April 30, 2009, http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/04/baidus-internal-monitoring-and
-censorship-document-leaked/.
126. Xiao Qiang, ‘‘Baidu’s Internal Monitoring And Censorship Document Leaked (2),’’ China
Digital Times, April 29, 2009, http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/04/baidus-internal-monitoring
-and-censorship-document-leaked-2/.
127. Xiao Qiang, ‘‘Chinese Censors Cut Off Twitter, Hotmail and Flickr,’’ China Digital Times, June
2, 2009, http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/06/chinese-censors-cut-off-twitter-hotmail-and-flickr/.
128. isaacmao.com, ‘‘Great Firewall vs. Social Media,’’ March 3, 2009, http://www.isaacmao.com/
meta/2009/03/great-firewall-vs-social-media.html.
129. Consulate-General of the People’s Republic of China in Chicago, ‘‘Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Liu Jianchao’s Regular Press Conference on December 16, 2008,’’ December 17, 2008,
http://www.chinaconsulatechicago.org/eng/fyrth/t526582.htm.
130. See China Internet Illegal Information Reporting Center, http://ciirc.china.cn/.
131. Xinhua News Agency, ‘‘qi bumen kaizhan zhengzhi hulianwang disu zhifeng xingdong’’ [Seven
departments launch operation for fixing the spread of vulgarity on the internet], January 5, 2009,
http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2009-01/05/content_1196447.htm.
132. Article 41, Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, http://english.peopledaily.com
.cn/constitution/constitution.html.
482
China
Force After Riot in Southern China,’’ July 2, 2008, http://opennet.net/blog/2008/07/china
%E2%80%99s-net-nannies-full-force-after-riot-southern-china.
119. OpenNet Initiative Blog, ‘‘China’s Net Nannies in Full Force after Riot in Southern China,’’
July 2, 2008, http://opennet.net/blog/2008/07/china%E2%80%99s-net-nannies-full-force-after
-riot-southern-china.
120. Roland Soong, ‘‘The Weng’an Mass Incident,’’ EastSouthWestNorth blog, July 1, 2008,
http://www.zonaeuropa.com/20080701_1.htm.
121. Xinhua News Agency, ‘‘Final Autopsy Shows Girl in Southwest China Protest Drowned,’’
July 10, 2008, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-07/10/content_8519852.htm.
122. Rebecca MacKinnon, ‘‘China’s Censorship 2.0: How Companies Censor Bloggers,’’ First
Monday, 14, No. 2 (2009), http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/
2378/2089.
123. Nart Villeneuve, ‘‘Search Monitor Project: Toward a Measure of Transparency’’ (Working
paper, Citizen Lab, University of Toronto, June 2008), http://www.citizenlab.org/papers/
searchmonitor.pdf.
124. Ibid.
125. China Digital Times, ‘‘Baidu’s Internal Monitoring and Censorship Document Leaked (1)
(Updated),’’ April 30, 2009, http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/04/baidus-internal-monitoring-and
-censorship-document-leaked/.
126. Xiao Qiang, ‘‘Baidu’s Internal Monitoring And Censorship Document Leaked (2),’’ China
Digital Times, April 29, 2009, http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/04/baidus-internal-monitoring
-and-censorship-document-leaked-2/.
127. Xiao Qiang, ‘‘Chinese Censors Cut Off Twitter, Hotmail and Flickr,’’ China Digital Times, June
2, 2009, http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/06/chinese-censors-cut-off-twitter-hotmail-and-flickr/.
128. isaacmao.com, ‘‘Great Firewall vs. Social Media,’’ March 3, 2009, http://www.isaacmao.com/
meta/2009/03/great-firewall-vs-social-media.html.
129. Consulate-General of the People’s Republic of China in Chicago, ‘‘Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Liu Jianchao’s Regular Press Conference on December 16, 2008,’’ December 17, 2008,
http://www.chinaconsulatechicago.org/eng/fyrth/t526582.htm.
130. See China Internet Illegal Information Reporting Center, http://ciirc.china.cn/.
131. Xinhua News Agency, ‘‘qi bumen kaizhan zhengzhi hulianwang disu zhifeng xingdong’’ [Seven
departments launch operation for fixing the spread of vulgarity on the internet], January 5, 2009,
http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2009-01/05/content_1196447.htm.
132. Article 41, Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, http://english.peopledaily.com
.cn/constitution/constitution.html.
482
China