cultural differences between countries and existing regulatory frameworks, creating a
common platform for legislation at the regional level is a slow and complex process.
Nonetheless, it is increasingly the arena where decisions about Internet filtering and
monitoring are made.
Notes
1. European Commission, ‘‘Safer Internet Programme 2009–2013.’’ http://ec.europa.eu/
information_society/activities/sip/policy/programme/current_prog/index_en.htm.
2. Web Designers Blog, ‘‘EU Share 55 Million to Create Surveillance Technology on the Internet,’’
November 1, 2008, http://web.pdesigner.net/2008/11/01/eu-share-55-million-to-create-surveillance
-technology-on-the-internet/.
3. European Commission, ‘‘Action Plan for a Safer Internet 1999–2004,’’ January 19, 2007, http://
europa.eu/legislation_summaries/information_society/l24190_en.htm.
4. European Commission, ‘‘Safer Internet Programme 2005–2008 (Safer Internet Plus),’’ January
19, 2007, http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/information_society/l24190b_en.htm.
5. European Commission, Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament, August 17, 2000,
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0031:EN:HTML.
6. European Commission, ‘‘Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD),’’ 2007, http://ec
.europa.eu/avpolicy/reg/avms/index_en.htm.
7. European Commission, ‘‘E-Commerce Directive,’’ May 22, 2000, http://ec.europa.eu/internal
_market/e-commerce/directive_en.htm.
8. Brussels Court of First Instance (TGI), SABAM v. s.a. Scarlet (anciennement Tiscali), 04/8975/A,
June 29, 2007, http://www.juriscom.net/documents/tpibruxelles20070629.pdf.
9. Francis Eliot, ‘‘Internet Users Could Be Banned over Illegal Downloads,’’ Times Online, February
12, 2008, http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article3353387
.ece.
10. Cable Forum, ‘‘Virgin Media First UK ISP to Adopt 3-Strikes-and-Out on Illegal Downloads,’’
March 31, 2008, http://www.cableforum.co.uk/article/394/virgin-media-first-uk-isp-to-adopt-3
-strikes-and-out-on-illegal-downloads.
11. Wendy M. Grossman, ‘‘IWF Reforms Could Pave Way for UK Net Censorship,’’ The Register,
December 29, 2006, http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/12/29/iwf_feature/.
12. Telenor, ‘‘Telenor and Swedish National Criminal Investigation Department to Introduce
Internet Child Porn Filter,’’ May 17, 2005, http://press.telenor.com/PR/200505/994781_5.html.
13. Helsingin Sanomat, ‘‘Anti-Internet Censorship Website Placed on Police Filter List over Links to
Child Porn Sites,’’ February 14, 2008, http://www.hs.fi/english/article/AntiInternet+censorship
+website+placed+on+police+filter+list+over+links+to+child+porn+sites/1135234057449.
Europe Overview
291
common platform for legislation at the regional level is a slow and complex process.
Nonetheless, it is increasingly the arena where decisions about Internet filtering and
monitoring are made.
Notes
1. European Commission, ‘‘Safer Internet Programme 2009–2013.’’ http://ec.europa.eu/
information_society/activities/sip/policy/programme/current_prog/index_en.htm.
2. Web Designers Blog, ‘‘EU Share 55 Million to Create Surveillance Technology on the Internet,’’
November 1, 2008, http://web.pdesigner.net/2008/11/01/eu-share-55-million-to-create-surveillance
-technology-on-the-internet/.
3. European Commission, ‘‘Action Plan for a Safer Internet 1999–2004,’’ January 19, 2007, http://
europa.eu/legislation_summaries/information_society/l24190_en.htm.
4. European Commission, ‘‘Safer Internet Programme 2005–2008 (Safer Internet Plus),’’ January
19, 2007, http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/information_society/l24190b_en.htm.
5. European Commission, Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament, August 17, 2000,
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0031:EN:HTML.
6. European Commission, ‘‘Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD),’’ 2007, http://ec
.europa.eu/avpolicy/reg/avms/index_en.htm.
7. European Commission, ‘‘E-Commerce Directive,’’ May 22, 2000, http://ec.europa.eu/internal
_market/e-commerce/directive_en.htm.
8. Brussels Court of First Instance (TGI), SABAM v. s.a. Scarlet (anciennement Tiscali), 04/8975/A,
June 29, 2007, http://www.juriscom.net/documents/tpibruxelles20070629.pdf.
9. Francis Eliot, ‘‘Internet Users Could Be Banned over Illegal Downloads,’’ Times Online, February
12, 2008, http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article3353387
.ece.
10. Cable Forum, ‘‘Virgin Media First UK ISP to Adopt 3-Strikes-and-Out on Illegal Downloads,’’
March 31, 2008, http://www.cableforum.co.uk/article/394/virgin-media-first-uk-isp-to-adopt-3
-strikes-and-out-on-illegal-downloads.
11. Wendy M. Grossman, ‘‘IWF Reforms Could Pave Way for UK Net Censorship,’’ The Register,
December 29, 2006, http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/12/29/iwf_feature/.
12. Telenor, ‘‘Telenor and Swedish National Criminal Investigation Department to Introduce
Internet Child Porn Filter,’’ May 17, 2005, http://press.telenor.com/PR/200505/994781_5.html.
13. Helsingin Sanomat, ‘‘Anti-Internet Censorship Website Placed on Police Filter List over Links to
Child Porn Sites,’’ February 14, 2008, http://www.hs.fi/english/article/AntiInternet+censorship
+website+placed+on+police+filter+list+over+links+to+child+porn+sites/1135234057449.
Europe Overview
291