116
Erwin A. Alampay, Joselito C. Olpoc, and Regina M. Hechanova
patterns of dispute regarding the online space the organization provided were evident:
one side tried to control use (e.g., monitoring; disciplining for misuse, etc.), while the
other side explored the boundaries of the space (e.g., performing tasks not originally
intended, deliberately circumventing policies that restrict use).
The fi rst set of cases deals with how the current government uses new media. Governments see in new media the opportunity to encourage citizen participation and a
venue for more transparent government. The second set of cases involves educational
institutions. It analyzes universities internally providing Internet access to increase
access to online knowledge, while at the same time trying to regulate what students
access. The last set of cases analyzes corporations and how they tackle Internet abuse
by employees, and their ways to control external stakeholders whose use of the Internet also has an impact on how these organizations are perceived.
These cases are analyzed using Quinn and Rohrbaugh ’ s model, which describes four
important values that differ in their preference for control (controlling versus fl exibility)
and locus (internal versus external), namely: internal process value, open system value,
rational goal value, and human relations values. Internal process value emphasizes
control and internal focus while stressing information management, communication,
and stability. Rational goal, in contrast, focuses on the external and on control, using
terms like plans and productivity . Human relations values the fl exibility provided, while
focusing on the internal and stressing better cohesion, morale, and human resources.
Finally, open systems also look at the external and how to provide the organization
with fl exibility, while stressing growth, resource acquisition, and external support.
4
Three Philippine institutions illustrate how competing values apply in contested
Internet use: government, schools, and corporations. In these cases, clear positions,
protocols, or policies have yet to take hold. In each venue, different sides debate the
balance of how the Internet can or should be used by or within these institutions.
These incidents, in turn, help defi ne their respective institutions ’ future policies.
Although not as dramatic as the contestations that occur at the international level,
they nonetheless touch on similar themes: security, control, privacy, access to information, transparency, and freedom of speech.
Government Bureaucracy: Using the Internet for Participation, Transparency,
and Effi ciency
The new administration of President Benigno Aquino III won the May 2010 elections,
which were partly fought through new media. Political candidates made use of social
media including Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and text messages on mobile phones.
Since new media helped the administration get elected, the government eventually
wanted to harness it for governance.
Erwin A. Alampay, Joselito C. Olpoc, and Regina M. Hechanova
patterns of dispute regarding the online space the organization provided were evident:
one side tried to control use (e.g., monitoring; disciplining for misuse, etc.), while the
other side explored the boundaries of the space (e.g., performing tasks not originally
intended, deliberately circumventing policies that restrict use).
The fi rst set of cases deals with how the current government uses new media. Governments see in new media the opportunity to encourage citizen participation and a
venue for more transparent government. The second set of cases involves educational
institutions. It analyzes universities internally providing Internet access to increase
access to online knowledge, while at the same time trying to regulate what students
access. The last set of cases analyzes corporations and how they tackle Internet abuse
by employees, and their ways to control external stakeholders whose use of the Internet also has an impact on how these organizations are perceived.
These cases are analyzed using Quinn and Rohrbaugh ’ s model, which describes four
important values that differ in their preference for control (controlling versus fl exibility)
and locus (internal versus external), namely: internal process value, open system value,
rational goal value, and human relations values. Internal process value emphasizes
control and internal focus while stressing information management, communication,
and stability. Rational goal, in contrast, focuses on the external and on control, using
terms like plans and productivity . Human relations values the fl exibility provided, while
focusing on the internal and stressing better cohesion, morale, and human resources.
Finally, open systems also look at the external and how to provide the organization
with fl exibility, while stressing growth, resource acquisition, and external support.
4
Three Philippine institutions illustrate how competing values apply in contested
Internet use: government, schools, and corporations. In these cases, clear positions,
protocols, or policies have yet to take hold. In each venue, different sides debate the
balance of how the Internet can or should be used by or within these institutions.
These incidents, in turn, help defi ne their respective institutions ’ future policies.
Although not as dramatic as the contestations that occur at the international level,
they nonetheless touch on similar themes: security, control, privacy, access to information, transparency, and freedom of speech.
Government Bureaucracy: Using the Internet for Participation, Transparency,
and Effi ciency
The new administration of President Benigno Aquino III won the May 2010 elections,
which were partly fought through new media. Political candidates made use of social
media including Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and text messages on mobile phones.
Since new media helped the administration get elected, the government eventually
wanted to harness it for governance.