161
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license
to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. S. H. Akash et al. (eds.), Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals-induced
Metabolic Disorders and Treatment Strategies, Emerging Contaminants
and Associated Treatment Technologies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45923-9_11
Chapter 11
Role of Polychlorinated Biphenyls as EDCs
in Metabolic Disorders
Waseem Hassan, Hammad Ahmed, Ghulam Murtaza,
Muhammad Ihtisham Umar, and Furqan Muhammad Iqbal
Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are the aromatic hexagonal biphenyl
compounds bonded with the chlorine atoms. These are hazardous compounds,
which come in contact via inhalation or skin contact. There is the notable number of
exposure incidence reported in different parts of the world. Often the consequences
of exposure were proved to be very lethal resulting into the number of deaths. PCBs
can be divided into two groups including dioxin-like and non-dioxin like PCBs.
They are distributed primarily in adipose tissues and excreted through urine after
metabolized in the liver. PCBs can react with several nuclear receptors that are influencing lipid metabolism. The nuclear receptors comprise of Aryl hydrocarbon
receptor (AhR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), and pregnane xenobiotic
receptor (PXR). PCB is reported to cause metabolic disorder including hepatic steatosis, obesity, diabetes mellitus, endocrine metabolism, thyroid metabolism, and
dyslipidemia. It has been observed that the antioxidants containing diet can help to
control the toxic effects of PCBs.
Keywords Polychlorinated biphenyls · Metabolic disorders · Nuclear receptors
W. Hassan (*) · G. Murtaza · M. I. Umar
Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
H. Ahmed
Department of Pharmacology, Sialkot Medical College, Sialkot, Pakistan
F. M. Iqbal
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan,
Pakistan
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license
to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. S. H. Akash et al. (eds.), Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals-induced
Metabolic Disorders and Treatment Strategies, Emerging Contaminants
and Associated Treatment Technologies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45923-9_11
Chapter 11
Role of Polychlorinated Biphenyls as EDCs
in Metabolic Disorders
Waseem Hassan, Hammad Ahmed, Ghulam Murtaza,
Muhammad Ihtisham Umar, and Furqan Muhammad Iqbal
Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are the aromatic hexagonal biphenyl
compounds bonded with the chlorine atoms. These are hazardous compounds,
which come in contact via inhalation or skin contact. There is the notable number of
exposure incidence reported in different parts of the world. Often the consequences
of exposure were proved to be very lethal resulting into the number of deaths. PCBs
can be divided into two groups including dioxin-like and non-dioxin like PCBs.
They are distributed primarily in adipose tissues and excreted through urine after
metabolized in the liver. PCBs can react with several nuclear receptors that are influencing lipid metabolism. The nuclear receptors comprise of Aryl hydrocarbon
receptor (AhR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), and pregnane xenobiotic
receptor (PXR). PCB is reported to cause metabolic disorder including hepatic steatosis, obesity, diabetes mellitus, endocrine metabolism, thyroid metabolism, and
dyslipidemia. It has been observed that the antioxidants containing diet can help to
control the toxic effects of PCBs.
Keywords Polychlorinated biphenyls · Metabolic disorders · Nuclear receptors
W. Hassan (*) · G. Murtaza · M. I. Umar
Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
H. Ahmed
Department of Pharmacology, Sialkot Medical College, Sialkot, Pakistan
F. M. Iqbal
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan,
Pakistan