125
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license
to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. S. H. Akash et al. (eds.), Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals-induced
Metabolic Disorders and Treatment Strategies, Emerging Contaminants
and Associated Treatment Technologies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45923-9_8
Chapter 8
Antibiotic Resistance in EDCs-Induced
Metabolic Disorders
Hina Sharif, Kanwal Rehman, Kanwal Irshad,
and Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash
Abstract Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) possess a significant risk to
humans and have a negative influence on human health. Some EDCs can act like
“hormone mimics,” some can block natural hormones from their activity, while some
can enhance or reduce the blood harmone level, thus interfering with the body’s
normal metabolism. Obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome are
all potentially sensitive to EDCs. Another major concern currently is antibiotic resistance which is rising to an alarming level throughout the world. New mechanisms of
antibiotic resistance are emerging and spreading out worldwide, threatening the
clinical practice in the treatment of common infectious diseases. Antibiotic resistance can occur due to the misuse or overuse of antibiotics as well as the insufficiency of new drug development. Some pathogens are also becoming resistant in the
same way with the use of antibiotics to treat infections associated with EDCs-induced
metabolic disorders. This manuscript highlights the mechanism and acquisition of
antibiotic resistance and their effect on metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity,
and atherosclerosis which can ultimately result in cardiovascular diseases.
Introduction
Metabolic disorders represent any condition with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia,
abdominal obesity, hypertension, and/or hyperglycemia which are the risk factors
for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases,
H. Sharif · K. Irshad · M. S. H. Akash (*)
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad,
Faisalabad, Pakistan
K. Rehman, PhD
Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license
to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. S. H. Akash et al. (eds.), Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals-induced
Metabolic Disorders and Treatment Strategies, Emerging Contaminants
and Associated Treatment Technologies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45923-9_8
Chapter 8
Antibiotic Resistance in EDCs-Induced
Metabolic Disorders
Hina Sharif, Kanwal Rehman, Kanwal Irshad,
and Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash
Abstract Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) possess a significant risk to
humans and have a negative influence on human health. Some EDCs can act like
“hormone mimics,” some can block natural hormones from their activity, while some
can enhance or reduce the blood harmone level, thus interfering with the body’s
normal metabolism. Obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome are
all potentially sensitive to EDCs. Another major concern currently is antibiotic resistance which is rising to an alarming level throughout the world. New mechanisms of
antibiotic resistance are emerging and spreading out worldwide, threatening the
clinical practice in the treatment of common infectious diseases. Antibiotic resistance can occur due to the misuse or overuse of antibiotics as well as the insufficiency of new drug development. Some pathogens are also becoming resistant in the
same way with the use of antibiotics to treat infections associated with EDCs-induced
metabolic disorders. This manuscript highlights the mechanism and acquisition of
antibiotic resistance and their effect on metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity,
and atherosclerosis which can ultimately result in cardiovascular diseases.
Introduction
Metabolic disorders represent any condition with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia,
abdominal obesity, hypertension, and/or hyperglycemia which are the risk factors
for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases,
H. Sharif · K. Irshad · M. S. H. Akash (*)
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad,
Faisalabad, Pakistan
K. Rehman, PhD
Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan