Fig. 4.17 Age distribution of
diagnostic horizons in the US
Great Lakes Coastal Zone
Table 4.3 Characteristics of soil chronosequences from the Laurentian Great Lakes
Location
Landform/composition
Soil taxa
Age
range
(kyr
BP)
Properties
Model
References
NE Lake
Michigan
Raised beaches, sandy
Typic Udipsamments,
Entic Haplorthods,
Typic Haplorthods
3–11
Profile OC, Fe, Al
Linear
Barrett and
Schaetzl (1992)
NE Lake
Michigan
Beach ridges, sandy
Typic Udipsamments,
Spodic Udipsamments
0.01–
5.0
Extr. Fe, Al, OC
Linear, log
Barrett (2001)
SW Lake
Huron
River terraces, beach
ridges, variable
Fluvaquents,
Hapludalfs
<4.5–
14.5
K adsorption
Log
Howard et al.
(2012)
NE Lake
Michigan
Dune-capped beach
ridges, sandy
Typic Udipsamments,
Spodic Udipsamments
0.0025–
4.15
Depth to B horizon, C,
N, etc.
Log, linear,
exponential
Lichter (1998)
S Lake
Michigan
Dunes
–
0.01–12
CaCO 3 , %N, CEC, ex.
acid., ex. bases, % si
Log
Olson (1958)
S Lake
Huron
Beach ridges, sandy
Udipsamments,
Dystrudepts
0.1–4.7
B chroma and
thickness, Si, C, OM,
CaCO 3 , pH, depth to B
Linear, log
VandenBygaart
and Protz
(1995)
SW Lake
Michigan
Dunes, beach ridges,
sand
Udipsamments
0.01–
3.5
A thickness, % clay in
B
Discriminant
analysis
Berg (1980)
NE Lake
Michigan
Raised beaches, sandy
Typic Udipsamments,
Entic Haplorthods,
Typic Haplorthods
Franzmeier and
Whiteside
(1963a, b)
4.4 Conclusions
57