The Use of Biodigesters in the Treatment of Swine Manure …
123
started in 2008, about three years before the Bonn Conference) in its essence is structured in a relational logic with the principles of the water, energy and food nexus.
The water is represented by the treatment of waste, which started to avoid pollution
in the Uruguay River region. The energy is represented by the biodigesters, which
operate from the swine waste. The food is represented by the pork meat, once animal
protein is a food with greater production complexity (especially if observed from the
perspective of water footprint).
Hence, the legislation’s notion of encouraging research, development and innovation in the National Electric Sector (as in the case of Law 9,991/2000) is something
to be celebrated. It imposes the challenge of change, by searching for efficiency
and effectiveness, as well as overcoming old paradigms, with research, development
and innovation as flagships, making a win-win system, society, the environment and
the economic environment as a whole benefit from the achieved advances. Finally,
it should be noted that this publication had the submission deadline of August 30,
2020. Therefore, the data contained in this publication (especially laws related to
the described topic) must be analyzed until this date. Citing, as an example, that
in August 2020, the Federal Chamber of Brazil’s Deputies, through political party
leaders, initiated actions to guide changes in the Gas Law (Law No. 11.909/2009). It
introduces the concession regime. One of the major changes proposed in the New Gas
Law project is the return of the authorization regime for gas pipeline transportation
(coming closer to that practiced worldwide).
References
1. Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). Available in: https://www.aneel.gov.br.
Accessed 12 Jul 2020
2. Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). Resolução Normativa nº 482, de 17 de abril de
2012. Available in: https://www2.aneel.gov.br/cedoc/ren2012482.pdf. Accessed 12 Jul 2020
3. Agência Nacional do Petróleo (ANP). Regulamento Técnico de Dutos Terrestres para Movimentação de Petróleo, Derivados e Gás Natural (RTDT). Available in: https://www.anp.gov.
br/images/Legislacao/Resolucoes/2011/res_anp_6_2011_anexoI.pdf. Accessed 11 Aug 2020
4. Al-Saidi M, Elagib NA (2017) Towards understanding the integrative approach of the water,
energy and food nexus. Sci Total Environ 574:1131–1139
5. Andrade MAN, Ranzi TJD, Muniz RN (2002) Biodigestores rurais no contexto da atual crise
de energia elétrica brasileira e na perspectiva da sustentabilidade ambiental. In: Procedings of
the 4th Encontro de Energia no Meio Rural
6. Arendt H (2013) The human condition. University of Chicago Press
7. Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT). Available in: https://www.abnt.org.br/.
Accessed 11 Aug 2020
8. Baredar P, Khare V, Nema S (2020) Design and optimization of biogas energy systems. In:
Biogas digester plant, Chap 3. Academic Press, pp 79–155
9. Bauman Z (2000) Liquid modernity. Wiley Blackwell Publishing
10. Brasil. Lei 9.991, de 24 de julho de 2000. Dispõe sobre realização de investimentos em pesquisa
e desenvolvimento e em eficiência energética… Available in: https://www.planalto.gov.br/cci
vil_03/LEIS/L9991.htm. Accessed 14 Jun 2020
123
started in 2008, about three years before the Bonn Conference) in its essence is structured in a relational logic with the principles of the water, energy and food nexus.
The water is represented by the treatment of waste, which started to avoid pollution
in the Uruguay River region. The energy is represented by the biodigesters, which
operate from the swine waste. The food is represented by the pork meat, once animal
protein is a food with greater production complexity (especially if observed from the
perspective of water footprint).
Hence, the legislation’s notion of encouraging research, development and innovation in the National Electric Sector (as in the case of Law 9,991/2000) is something
to be celebrated. It imposes the challenge of change, by searching for efficiency
and effectiveness, as well as overcoming old paradigms, with research, development
and innovation as flagships, making a win-win system, society, the environment and
the economic environment as a whole benefit from the achieved advances. Finally,
it should be noted that this publication had the submission deadline of August 30,
2020. Therefore, the data contained in this publication (especially laws related to
the described topic) must be analyzed until this date. Citing, as an example, that
in August 2020, the Federal Chamber of Brazil’s Deputies, through political party
leaders, initiated actions to guide changes in the Gas Law (Law No. 11.909/2009). It
introduces the concession regime. One of the major changes proposed in the New Gas
Law project is the return of the authorization regime for gas pipeline transportation
(coming closer to that practiced worldwide).
References
1. Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). Available in: https://www.aneel.gov.br.
Accessed 12 Jul 2020
2. Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). Resolução Normativa nº 482, de 17 de abril de
2012. Available in: https://www2.aneel.gov.br/cedoc/ren2012482.pdf. Accessed 12 Jul 2020
3. Agência Nacional do Petróleo (ANP). Regulamento Técnico de Dutos Terrestres para Movimentação de Petróleo, Derivados e Gás Natural (RTDT). Available in: https://www.anp.gov.
br/images/Legislacao/Resolucoes/2011/res_anp_6_2011_anexoI.pdf. Accessed 11 Aug 2020
4. Al-Saidi M, Elagib NA (2017) Towards understanding the integrative approach of the water,
energy and food nexus. Sci Total Environ 574:1131–1139
5. Andrade MAN, Ranzi TJD, Muniz RN (2002) Biodigestores rurais no contexto da atual crise
de energia elétrica brasileira e na perspectiva da sustentabilidade ambiental. In: Procedings of
the 4th Encontro de Energia no Meio Rural
6. Arendt H (2013) The human condition. University of Chicago Press
7. Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT). Available in: https://www.abnt.org.br/.
Accessed 11 Aug 2020
8. Baredar P, Khare V, Nema S (2020) Design and optimization of biogas energy systems. In:
Biogas digester plant, Chap 3. Academic Press, pp 79–155
9. Bauman Z (2000) Liquid modernity. Wiley Blackwell Publishing
10. Brasil. Lei 9.991, de 24 de julho de 2000. Dispõe sobre realização de investimentos em pesquisa
e desenvolvimento e em eficiência energética… Available in: https://www.planalto.gov.br/cci
vil_03/LEIS/L9991.htm. Accessed 14 Jun 2020