120
R. de Castro Sobrosa Neto et al.
having a short useful life, on average 5 years [5]. It was the model implemented by
the Alto Uruguai Project, which proved to be very beneficial to producers due to
the perception of improved working conditions and increased quality of life. The
final report of the project, in June 2010, pointed to: “reduction of organic load and
nutrients in effluents resulting from swine activity by up to 90% of the total emitted,”
in addition to “reduction in the number of dipterans in properties in Itapiranga,
Riqueza, Guatambú, Águas de Chapecó, Palmitos and Pinheirinho do Vale” (which
were the counties contemplated by the Alto Uruguai Project). At the time of the
ANEEL Strategic R&D project, the installed biodigesters had already expired. Some
of them still remained in operation, despite the weather action and ultraviolet solar
radiation that accelerated the deterioration of the biodigesters still operational.
In order to guarantee the maximum production capacity for the Biogas Project,
Eletrosul is providing the replacement of biodigesters depreciated by the action of
time. The moment is propitious and meets a new reality verified in the Itapiranga
region, which is the replacement of swine production for cattle in some properties.
The biodigester for bovine production is basically the same for pig production, in
its components and material composition. However, it keeps a difference in manure
management, since the biodigester for application with cattle is (unlike the one
designed for pigs) composed mainly of cellulose from the animal’s feeding. While
in swine production, all waste is washed and sent directly to the interior of the
biodigester, in bovine production the solid material must be separated from the liquid
portion. While the solid part is destined for composting, only the liquid is taken to
the biodigester for gas production, resulting in a greater production of biogas.
14 Supervisory System
The supervisory system can be understood as an information traffic resource. It
is increasingly widespread and associated with large energy transport systems that
deal with safety-critical processes, such as electricity and gas. Its main function
is to provide monitoring of complex and automated production processes, offering
signaling and operation mechanisms, especially in cases requiring human intervention. For the Biogas Project, the supervisory system was designed with a tool to
control the biogas production from each production unit, as well as its participation
in the energy conversion process and its injection into the network, also allowing
safety signals and guidance for monitored plant maintenance, in addition to forms
of communication and operation, being then complemented by maintenance, operation, business model and communication. The supervisory system becomes, then, a
fundamental element for the elaboration of the Biogas Project business model [32].
To carry out such monitoring, fiber-optic cables were also launched (together with
the gas pipelines). They also connected the properties to the MCT, where a monitor
offers a friendly interface for monitoring operational conditions. It is important to take
into account the most important aspect for the constitution of a robust supervisory
system: the safety in gas or biogas plans. In electrical systems (including large ones),
R. de Castro Sobrosa Neto et al.
having a short useful life, on average 5 years [5]. It was the model implemented by
the Alto Uruguai Project, which proved to be very beneficial to producers due to
the perception of improved working conditions and increased quality of life. The
final report of the project, in June 2010, pointed to: “reduction of organic load and
nutrients in effluents resulting from swine activity by up to 90% of the total emitted,”
in addition to “reduction in the number of dipterans in properties in Itapiranga,
Riqueza, Guatambú, Águas de Chapecó, Palmitos and Pinheirinho do Vale” (which
were the counties contemplated by the Alto Uruguai Project). At the time of the
ANEEL Strategic R&D project, the installed biodigesters had already expired. Some
of them still remained in operation, despite the weather action and ultraviolet solar
radiation that accelerated the deterioration of the biodigesters still operational.
In order to guarantee the maximum production capacity for the Biogas Project,
Eletrosul is providing the replacement of biodigesters depreciated by the action of
time. The moment is propitious and meets a new reality verified in the Itapiranga
region, which is the replacement of swine production for cattle in some properties.
The biodigester for bovine production is basically the same for pig production, in
its components and material composition. However, it keeps a difference in manure
management, since the biodigester for application with cattle is (unlike the one
designed for pigs) composed mainly of cellulose from the animal’s feeding. While
in swine production, all waste is washed and sent directly to the interior of the
biodigester, in bovine production the solid material must be separated from the liquid
portion. While the solid part is destined for composting, only the liquid is taken to
the biodigester for gas production, resulting in a greater production of biogas.
14 Supervisory System
The supervisory system can be understood as an information traffic resource. It
is increasingly widespread and associated with large energy transport systems that
deal with safety-critical processes, such as electricity and gas. Its main function
is to provide monitoring of complex and automated production processes, offering
signaling and operation mechanisms, especially in cases requiring human intervention. For the Biogas Project, the supervisory system was designed with a tool to
control the biogas production from each production unit, as well as its participation
in the energy conversion process and its injection into the network, also allowing
safety signals and guidance for monitored plant maintenance, in addition to forms
of communication and operation, being then complemented by maintenance, operation, business model and communication. The supervisory system becomes, then, a
fundamental element for the elaboration of the Biogas Project business model [32].
To carry out such monitoring, fiber-optic cables were also launched (together with
the gas pipelines). They also connected the properties to the MCT, where a monitor
offers a friendly interface for monitoring operational conditions. It is important to take
into account the most important aspect for the constitution of a robust supervisory
system: the safety in gas or biogas plans. In electrical systems (including large ones),