McIntosh PD, Hewitt AE, Giddens K, Taylor M (1997) Benchmark sites
for assessing the chemical impacts of pastoral farming on loessial
soils in southern New Zealand. Agric Syst Environ 65:267–280
McIntosh P, Laffan M, Hewitt A (2005) The role of fire and nutrient
loss in the genesis of the forest soils of Tasmania and southern New
Zealand. For Ecol Manag 220:185–215
Ministry for the Environment and Stats NZ (2019) New Zealand’s
environmental reporting series: environment Aotearoa 2019. www.
mfe.govt.nz and www.stats.govt.nz (http://www.mfe.govt.nz/
environment-aotearoa-2019)
Ministry for Primary Industries (2019a) Proposed national policy
statement for highly productive land. https://www.mpi.govt.nz/
news-and-resources/consultations/proposed-national-policystatement-for-highly-productive-land/
Ministry for Primary Industries (2019b) Valuing highly productive
land. A discussion document on a proposed national policy
statement for highly productive land. MPI Discussion Paper
2019/05 [co-published by Ministry for the Environment],
70p.
document-on-a-proposed-national-policy-statement-for-highlyproductive-land
Newnham RM, Lowe DJ, Williams PW (1999) Quaternary environmental change in New Zealand: a review. Prog Phys Geogr 23:567–
610
Parfitt R, Saigusa M, Eden DN (1984) Soil development processes in
an Aqualf-Ochrept sequence from loess with admixtures of tephra,
New Zealand. J Soil Sci 35:625–640
Pedro G, Jamagne M, Begon JC (1978) Two routes in genesis of
strongly differentiated acid soils under humid, cool-temperate
conditions. Geoderma 20:173–189
Richardson BF (2021) The price we pay for land: the political economy
of Pukekohe’s development. J N Z Pac Stud 9(1) (in press)
Roche MM (1994) Land and water: water and soil conservation and
central government in New Zealand [1941–1988]. Historical
Branch, Department of Internal Affairs, Wellington, 219p
Rossiter DG (1996) A theoretical framework for land evaluation.
Geoderma 72:165–190
Rossiter DG, Van Wambeke A (1996) ALES Automated Land
Evaluation System software
Rossiter DG, Hewitt AE, Dominati E (2018) Pedometric valuation of
the soil resource. In: McBratney A, Minaseny B, Stockman U
(eds) Pedometrics. Progress in soil science. Springer, pp 521–546
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63439-5_17
Sase T, Hosono M (1996) Vegetation histories of Holocene volcanic
ash soils in Japan and New Zealand—relationship between genesis
of melanic volcanic ash soils and human impact. Earth Sci (Chikyu
Kagaku) 50:466–482
Sattler K, Anderson B, Macintosh A et al (2016) Estimating permafrost
distribution in the maritime Southern Alps, New Zealand, based on
climatic conditions at rock glacier sites. Front Earth Sci 4:4. https://
doi.org/10.3389/feart.2016.00004
Savin IY (2019) Scale problem in modern soil mapping. Bull V V Soil
Inst Dokuchaev 97:5–20. https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-16942019-97-5-20
Shepherd G (2000) Visual soil assessment volume 1: field guide.
Cropping and pastoral grazing on flat to rolling country. Horizons
Manawatu and Landcare Research, Palmerston North, 84p. ISBN
1-877221-92-9. https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/
books/visual-soil-assessment-field-guide/download-field-guide.
Accessed Mar 2020
Shepherd G, Ross C, Basher L et al (2000) Visual soil assessment
volume 2: soil management guidelines. Cropping and pastoral
grazing on flat to rolling country. Horizons Manawatu and Landcare
Research, Palmerston North, 44p. ISBN 1-877221-93-7. https://
www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/books/visual-soilassessment-field-guide/download-field-guide. Accessed Mar 2020
Shepherd G, Janssen H (2000) Visual soil assessment volume 3: field
guide for hill country landuses. Horizons Manawatu and Landcare
Research, Palmerston North, 48p. ISBN 1-877221-94-5. https://
www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/books/visual-soilassessment-field-guide/download-field-guide. Accessed Mar 2020
Shepherd G, Jassen H, Bird L (2000) Visual soil assessment volume 4:
soil management guidelines for hill country landuses. Horizons
Manawatu and Landcare Research, Palmerston North, 24p. ISBN
1-877221-95-3. https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/
books/visual-soil-assessment-field-guide/download-field-guide.
Accessed Mar 2020
Soil-security-dimensions-brief.
https://www.soils.org/files/am/pdfs/
soil-security-dimensions-brief.pdf
Soil Survey Staff (2014) Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 12th edn. USDA
Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington, DC, 362 p
Sparling GP, Schipper LA (2002) Soil quality at a national scale in
New Zealand. J Environ Qual 31:1848–1857
Sparling G, Schipper L (2004) Soil quality monitoring in New Zealand:
trends and issues arising from a broad-scale survey. Agr Ecosyst
Environ 104:545–552
Sparling G, Parfitt RL, Hewitt AE, Schipper LA (2003) Three
approaches to define desired soil organic matter contents. J Environ
Qual 32:760–766
Sparling GP, Schipper LA, Bettjeman W, Hill R (2004) Soil quality
monitoring in New Zealand: practical lessons from a 6-year trial.
Agr Ecosyst Environ 104:523–534
Sparling GP, Lilburne L, Vojvodic-Vukovic M (2008) Provisional
targets for soil quality indicators in New Zealand. Landcare
Research Science Series No 34. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln
Tate KR, Giltrap DJG, Claydon JJ et al (1997) Organic carbon stocks in
NZ terrestrial ecosystems. J R Soc N Z 27(3):315–335. https://doi.
org/10.1080/03014223.1997.9517541
Taylor NH (1955) First presidential address. The role of soil science in
New Zealand problems. Trans R Soc N Z 82:961–971
Taylor NH, Pohlen IJ (1968) Classification of New Zealand soils. In:
Soils of New Zealand. Part 1. Soil Bur Bull 26(1):15–33
Taylor MD (2010) Discussion paper on indicators target ranges for soil
quality monitoring. Internal report: environment Waikato, 30p
Taylor MD, Kim ND, Hill RB, Chapman R (2010) A review of soil
quality indicators and five key issues after 12 yr soil quality
monitoring in the Waikato region. Soil Use Manag 26(3):212–224
Taylor M, Cox N, Littler R, Drewry J (2017) Trends in soil quality
monitoring data in the Waikato region 1995–2015. Waikato
Regional Council Technical Report 2017/26
Tonkin PJ (2007) A history of soil survey and selected aspects of soil
conservation in New Zealand. N Z Soil News 55:59–71 and 102–
115
Trangmar BB, Cutler EJB (1983) Soils and erosion of the Sumner
region of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand. NZ Soil Survey
Report 70. New Zealand Soil Bureau, DSIR. https://doi.org/10.
7931/dl1-ssr-70
Webb TH (ed) (1994) Soil-landscape modelling in New Zealand.
Landcare Research Science Series 5, 173p
Webb TH (2003) Identification of functional horizons to predict
physical properties for soils from alluvium in Canterbury, New
Zealand. Aust J Soil Res 41:1005–1019
Webb T, Hewitt A, Lilburne L, McLeod M et al (2010) Mapping of
vulnerability of nitrate and phosphorus leaching, microbial bypass
flow, and soil runoff potential for two areas of Canterbury.
Environment Canterbury Regional Council Report No R10/125
Webb TH, Wilson AD (1994) A manual of land characteristics for land
evaluation of rural land. Landcare Research Science Series 10, 32p
312
18 Conclusion: Global Context, Formation Pathways …
for assessing the chemical impacts of pastoral farming on loessial
soils in southern New Zealand. Agric Syst Environ 65:267–280
McIntosh P, Laffan M, Hewitt A (2005) The role of fire and nutrient
loss in the genesis of the forest soils of Tasmania and southern New
Zealand. For Ecol Manag 220:185–215
Ministry for the Environment and Stats NZ (2019) New Zealand’s
environmental reporting series: environment Aotearoa 2019. www.
mfe.govt.nz and www.stats.govt.nz (http://www.mfe.govt.nz/
environment-aotearoa-2019)
Ministry for Primary Industries (2019a) Proposed national policy
statement for highly productive land. https://www.mpi.govt.nz/
news-and-resources/consultations/proposed-national-policystatement-for-highly-productive-land/
Ministry for Primary Industries (2019b) Valuing highly productive
land. A discussion document on a proposed national policy
statement for highly productive land. MPI Discussion Paper
2019/05 [co-published by Ministry for the Environment],
70p.
document-on-a-proposed-national-policy-statement-for-highlyproductive-land
Newnham RM, Lowe DJ, Williams PW (1999) Quaternary environmental change in New Zealand: a review. Prog Phys Geogr 23:567–
610
Parfitt R, Saigusa M, Eden DN (1984) Soil development processes in
an Aqualf-Ochrept sequence from loess with admixtures of tephra,
New Zealand. J Soil Sci 35:625–640
Pedro G, Jamagne M, Begon JC (1978) Two routes in genesis of
strongly differentiated acid soils under humid, cool-temperate
conditions. Geoderma 20:173–189
Richardson BF (2021) The price we pay for land: the political economy
of Pukekohe’s development. J N Z Pac Stud 9(1) (in press)
Roche MM (1994) Land and water: water and soil conservation and
central government in New Zealand [1941–1988]. Historical
Branch, Department of Internal Affairs, Wellington, 219p
Rossiter DG (1996) A theoretical framework for land evaluation.
Geoderma 72:165–190
Rossiter DG, Van Wambeke A (1996) ALES Automated Land
Evaluation System software
Rossiter DG, Hewitt AE, Dominati E (2018) Pedometric valuation of
the soil resource. In: McBratney A, Minaseny B, Stockman U
(eds) Pedometrics. Progress in soil science. Springer, pp 521–546
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63439-5_17
Sase T, Hosono M (1996) Vegetation histories of Holocene volcanic
ash soils in Japan and New Zealand—relationship between genesis
of melanic volcanic ash soils and human impact. Earth Sci (Chikyu
Kagaku) 50:466–482
Sattler K, Anderson B, Macintosh A et al (2016) Estimating permafrost
distribution in the maritime Southern Alps, New Zealand, based on
climatic conditions at rock glacier sites. Front Earth Sci 4:4. https://
doi.org/10.3389/feart.2016.00004
Savin IY (2019) Scale problem in modern soil mapping. Bull V V Soil
Inst Dokuchaev 97:5–20. https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-16942019-97-5-20
Shepherd G (2000) Visual soil assessment volume 1: field guide.
Cropping and pastoral grazing on flat to rolling country. Horizons
Manawatu and Landcare Research, Palmerston North, 84p. ISBN
1-877221-92-9. https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/
books/visual-soil-assessment-field-guide/download-field-guide.
Accessed Mar 2020
Shepherd G, Ross C, Basher L et al (2000) Visual soil assessment
volume 2: soil management guidelines. Cropping and pastoral
grazing on flat to rolling country. Horizons Manawatu and Landcare
Research, Palmerston North, 44p. ISBN 1-877221-93-7. https://
www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/books/visual-soilassessment-field-guide/download-field-guide. Accessed Mar 2020
Shepherd G, Janssen H (2000) Visual soil assessment volume 3: field
guide for hill country landuses. Horizons Manawatu and Landcare
Research, Palmerston North, 48p. ISBN 1-877221-94-5. https://
www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/books/visual-soilassessment-field-guide/download-field-guide. Accessed Mar 2020
Shepherd G, Jassen H, Bird L (2000) Visual soil assessment volume 4:
soil management guidelines for hill country landuses. Horizons
Manawatu and Landcare Research, Palmerston North, 24p. ISBN
1-877221-95-3. https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/
books/visual-soil-assessment-field-guide/download-field-guide.
Accessed Mar 2020
Soil-security-dimensions-brief.
https://www.soils.org/files/am/pdfs/
soil-security-dimensions-brief.pdf
Soil Survey Staff (2014) Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 12th edn. USDA
Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington, DC, 362 p
Sparling GP, Schipper LA (2002) Soil quality at a national scale in
New Zealand. J Environ Qual 31:1848–1857
Sparling G, Schipper L (2004) Soil quality monitoring in New Zealand:
trends and issues arising from a broad-scale survey. Agr Ecosyst
Environ 104:545–552
Sparling G, Parfitt RL, Hewitt AE, Schipper LA (2003) Three
approaches to define desired soil organic matter contents. J Environ
Qual 32:760–766
Sparling GP, Schipper LA, Bettjeman W, Hill R (2004) Soil quality
monitoring in New Zealand: practical lessons from a 6-year trial.
Agr Ecosyst Environ 104:523–534
Sparling GP, Lilburne L, Vojvodic-Vukovic M (2008) Provisional
targets for soil quality indicators in New Zealand. Landcare
Research Science Series No 34. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln
Tate KR, Giltrap DJG, Claydon JJ et al (1997) Organic carbon stocks in
NZ terrestrial ecosystems. J R Soc N Z 27(3):315–335. https://doi.
org/10.1080/03014223.1997.9517541
Taylor NH (1955) First presidential address. The role of soil science in
New Zealand problems. Trans R Soc N Z 82:961–971
Taylor NH, Pohlen IJ (1968) Classification of New Zealand soils. In:
Soils of New Zealand. Part 1. Soil Bur Bull 26(1):15–33
Taylor MD (2010) Discussion paper on indicators target ranges for soil
quality monitoring. Internal report: environment Waikato, 30p
Taylor MD, Kim ND, Hill RB, Chapman R (2010) A review of soil
quality indicators and five key issues after 12 yr soil quality
monitoring in the Waikato region. Soil Use Manag 26(3):212–224
Taylor M, Cox N, Littler R, Drewry J (2017) Trends in soil quality
monitoring data in the Waikato region 1995–2015. Waikato
Regional Council Technical Report 2017/26
Tonkin PJ (2007) A history of soil survey and selected aspects of soil
conservation in New Zealand. N Z Soil News 55:59–71 and 102–
115
Trangmar BB, Cutler EJB (1983) Soils and erosion of the Sumner
region of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand. NZ Soil Survey
Report 70. New Zealand Soil Bureau, DSIR. https://doi.org/10.
7931/dl1-ssr-70
Webb TH (ed) (1994) Soil-landscape modelling in New Zealand.
Landcare Research Science Series 5, 173p
Webb TH (2003) Identification of functional horizons to predict
physical properties for soils from alluvium in Canterbury, New
Zealand. Aust J Soil Res 41:1005–1019
Webb T, Hewitt A, Lilburne L, McLeod M et al (2010) Mapping of
vulnerability of nitrate and phosphorus leaching, microbial bypass
flow, and soil runoff potential for two areas of Canterbury.
Environment Canterbury Regional Council Report No R10/125
Webb TH, Wilson AD (1994) A manual of land characteristics for land
evaluation of rural land. Landcare Research Science Series 10, 32p
312
18 Conclusion: Global Context, Formation Pathways …