10 Introduction
11 Richard E. Sclove, Democracy and Technology, New York: Guilford Press,
1995; Douglas Kellner, “Intellectuals, the New Public Spheres, and TechnoPolitics”, in Chris Toulouse and Timothy W. Luke (eds.), The Politics of
Cyberspace: A New Political Science Reader, New York: Routledge, 1998,
p. 174.
12 Mark Balnaves, and Michele A. Willson, A New Theory of Information &
the Internet: Public Sphere Meets Protocol, Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 2011,
pp. 3–4; Lee Salter, Conflicting Forms of Use: The Potential of and Limits
to the Use of the Internet as a Public Sphere, Riga: VDM Verlag, 2010,
p. 10.
13 Natalie Fenton, “Fake Democracy: The Limits of Public Sphere Theory”,
in Slavko Splichal (ed.), The Liquefaction of Publicness: Communication,
Democracy and the Public Sphere in the Internet Age, New York: Routledge, 2018, pp. 28–34; Barbara Pfetsch, “Dissonant and Disconnected Public Spheres as Challenge for Political Communication Research”, in Slavko
Splichal (ed.), The Liquefaction of Publicness: Communication, Democracy
and the Public Sphere in the Internet Age, New York: Routledge, 2018,
pp. 59–65.
14 Dennis Nguyen, Europe, the Crisis, and the Internet: A Web Sphere Analysis, London: Palgrave, 2017, p. 271.
15 Julia Schwanholz, Todd Graham, and Peter-Tobias Stoll, Managing Democracy in the Digital Age: Internet Regulation, Social Media Use, and Online
Civic Engagement, New York: Springer, 2017.
16 Dan Gillmor, We the Media: Grassroots Journalism By the People, For the
People. North Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2004, p. vi.