found that aplidine is more active than Didemnin B and lacks Didemnin B’s cardiotoxicity (Rabelo et al. 2012).
Ecteinascidins, which are considered as the second family of tunicates, originated from the extracts of Ecteinascidia turbinate. They exert anti-cancer activity,
this property of ecteinascidins is first described in 1969 (Menna et al. 2013). Apart
from sponge, algae, tunicate, microbes’ other marine organisms like sea cucumber,
sear hare, molluscs and bryozoans also have an anticancer function including
microtubule-interfering action, DNA-interaction, phosphatase inhibitions, etc.
(Smithet al. 2010). Alkaloids pyridoacridines isolated from various marine sources
have been reported to possess significant cytotoxicity against cultured cells, and the
family as a whole seems to be of great interest as a source of new lead structures for
the development of a future generation of therapeutic agents. Sea cucumbers are
those marine animals that are considered as an essential human food resource, and
their extracts have been used for OTC dietary health supplements. Triterpene
glycosides from sea cucumbers show a wide range of biological effects, such as
antifungal, antitumor, hemolytic, cytostatic, pro-apoptotic, and immunomodulatory
activities (Thiansilakul et al. 2007). Frondoside A and Cucumariosides exhibit
anti-cancer effects on both in vitro and in vivo models. The dolastatins are extracted
from the Indian Ocean sea hare, Dolabella auricularia. Subsequently, several
dolastatins and related molecules are isolated from filamentous marine cyanobacteria, which are the natural diet of the sea hares. The dolastatins are the most active
molecules in inhibiting cancer cell growth (Yam et al. 2001).
17.3.2 Anti-Cardiovascular Effect
Omega-3 or (PUFA) is very much beneficial to our health. It lowers the risk of
cardiovascular disease. Many studies and reports suggest that fish consumption has
a direct relation in reducing the risk of congenital heart defect, myocardial
infarction, etc. Many research reports suggest that omega-3-fatty acids help to lower
the blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) in people with hypertension problems.
Also, it suggests that fish oil supplements are very much beneficial for arrhythmia
patients (Xia et al. 2011).
A study on Mediterranean people suggests that people who intake a high amount
of marine food have a low risk of congenial heart disease because Omega-3-fatty
acids reduce the risk factors associated with triglyceride concentrations, blood
pressure, platelet aggregation and heart arrhythmias. Also the report shows that on
daily consumptions of fish can lower the severe symptoms of depressions in adults
and asthma and respiratory disorders in children. Also, a protein that is derived
from marine (macroalgae) is better ACF-1 inhibition because of fewer side effects
and also, they act as a potent drug beneficial for hypertension patients (Mozaffarian
and Wu 2011).
17 Biological Activities of Marine Products …
603
Ecteinascidins, which are considered as the second family of tunicates, originated from the extracts of Ecteinascidia turbinate. They exert anti-cancer activity,
this property of ecteinascidins is first described in 1969 (Menna et al. 2013). Apart
from sponge, algae, tunicate, microbes’ other marine organisms like sea cucumber,
sear hare, molluscs and bryozoans also have an anticancer function including
microtubule-interfering action, DNA-interaction, phosphatase inhibitions, etc.
(Smithet al. 2010). Alkaloids pyridoacridines isolated from various marine sources
have been reported to possess significant cytotoxicity against cultured cells, and the
family as a whole seems to be of great interest as a source of new lead structures for
the development of a future generation of therapeutic agents. Sea cucumbers are
those marine animals that are considered as an essential human food resource, and
their extracts have been used for OTC dietary health supplements. Triterpene
glycosides from sea cucumbers show a wide range of biological effects, such as
antifungal, antitumor, hemolytic, cytostatic, pro-apoptotic, and immunomodulatory
activities (Thiansilakul et al. 2007). Frondoside A and Cucumariosides exhibit
anti-cancer effects on both in vitro and in vivo models. The dolastatins are extracted
from the Indian Ocean sea hare, Dolabella auricularia. Subsequently, several
dolastatins and related molecules are isolated from filamentous marine cyanobacteria, which are the natural diet of the sea hares. The dolastatins are the most active
molecules in inhibiting cancer cell growth (Yam et al. 2001).
17.3.2 Anti-Cardiovascular Effect
Omega-3 or (PUFA) is very much beneficial to our health. It lowers the risk of
cardiovascular disease. Many studies and reports suggest that fish consumption has
a direct relation in reducing the risk of congenital heart defect, myocardial
infarction, etc. Many research reports suggest that omega-3-fatty acids help to lower
the blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) in people with hypertension problems.
Also, it suggests that fish oil supplements are very much beneficial for arrhythmia
patients (Xia et al. 2011).
A study on Mediterranean people suggests that people who intake a high amount
of marine food have a low risk of congenial heart disease because Omega-3-fatty
acids reduce the risk factors associated with triglyceride concentrations, blood
pressure, platelet aggregation and heart arrhythmias. Also the report shows that on
daily consumptions of fish can lower the severe symptoms of depressions in adults
and asthma and respiratory disorders in children. Also, a protein that is derived
from marine (macroalgae) is better ACF-1 inhibition because of fewer side effects
and also, they act as a potent drug beneficial for hypertension patients (Mozaffarian
and Wu 2011).
17 Biological Activities of Marine Products …
603