Khyade MS, Kasote DM, Vaikos NP (2014) Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. and Alstonia
macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don: a comparative review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and
pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 153:1–18
Koyama K, Hirasawa Y, Zaima K et al (2008) Alstilobanines A-E, new indole alkaloids from
Alstonia angustiloba. Bioorganic Med Chem 16:6483–6488
Koyama K, Hirasawa Y, Hosoya T, Hoe T (2010a) Alpneumines A-H, new anti-melanogenic
indole alkaloids from Alstonia pneumatophora. Bioorg Med Chem 18:4415–4421
Koyama K, Hirasawa Y, Nugroho AE et al (2010b) Alsmaphorazines A and B, novel indole
alkaloids from Alstonia pneumatophora. Org Lett 12:4188–4191
Krishnan P, Mai CW, Yong KT et al (2019) Alstobrogaline, an unusual pentacyclic
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with aldimine and aldimine-N-oxide moieties from Alstonia
scholaris. Tetrahedron Lett 60:789–791
Ku WF, Tan SJ, Low YY et al (2011) Angustilobine and andranginine type indole alkaloids and an
uleine-secovallesamine bisindole alkaloid from Alstonia angustiloba. Phytochemistry
72:2212–2218
Kuok CF, Zhang J, Kuok CF et al (2017) Meloslines A and B, two novel indole alkaloids from
Alstonia scholaris. Tetrahedron Lett 58:2740–2742
Kweifio Okai G, Bird D, Field B et al (1995) Antiinflammatory activity of a Ghanaian antiarthritic
herbal preparation: III. J Ethnopharmacol 46:7–15
Kweifio Okai G, Carroll AR (1993) Antiarthritic effect of lupeol acetate. Phyther Res 7:213–215
Lemmens RHMJ (2005) Alstonia congensis (PROTA)-Pl@ntUse English. Wageningen,
Netherlands
Li C, Chen S, Sun C et al (2017) Cytotoxic monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Alstonia
yunnanensis Diels. Fitoterapia 117:79–83
Li R, Zi MJ, Gou ZP et al (2019) Pharmacokinetics and safety evaluation in healthy Chinese
volunteers of alkaloids from leaf of Alstonia scholaris: a multiple doses phase I clinical trial.
Phytomedicine 61:152828
Lim SH, Low YY, Sinniah SK et al (2014) Macroline, akuammiline, sarpagine, and ajmaline
alkaloids from Alstonia macrophylla. Phytochemistry 98:204–215
Liu L, Chen YY, Qin XJ et al (2015) Antibacterial monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Alstonia
scholaris cultivated in temperate zone. Fitoterapia 105:160–164
Macabeo APG, Krohn K, Gehle D et al (2005) Indole alkaloids from the leaves of Philippine
Alstonia scholaris. Phytochemistry 66:1158–1162
Macabeo APG, Krohn K, Gehle D et al (2008) Activity of the extracts and indole alkaloids from
Alstonia scholaris against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Philipp Agric Sci 91:348–351
Mandal AB, Chattopadhyay D (2006a) Herbal vaginal contraceptive an effective birth control
measure (topical). IN1128/DEL/2005
Mandal AB, Chattopadhyay D (2016b) Herbal antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic
formulation (topical/oral), IN1121/DEL/2005
Maurya A, Dwivedi GR, Darokar MP, Srivastava SK (2014) Preparative isolation of bioenhancer
loganetin from sf Alstonia scholaris by fast centrifugal partition chromatography. Sep Sci
Technol 49:773–777
Min X, Jing H, Liping X et al (2017) A kind of pharmaceutical preparation for preventing and
treating livestock and birds respiratory disease and preparation method thereof.
CN107569538A
Mingzhi L, Lifei X, Zhifen D, et al (2010) Alstonia-leaf tea bag and processing method thereof,
CN101983574A
Monachino J (1949) A revision of the genus Alstonia (Apocynaceae). Pacific Sci III:133–182
Nguyen PQT, Ooi JSG, Nguyen NTK et al (2015) Antiviral cystine knot a-amylase inhibitors
from Alstonia scholaris. J Biol Chem 290:31138–31150
Ojewole JAO (2008) Studies on the pharmacology of echitamine, an alkaloid from the stem bark
of Alstonia boonei L. (Apocynaceae). Int J Crude Drug Res 22:121–143
14 Pharmaceutical Application of Bio-actives …
531
macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don: a comparative review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and
pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 153:1–18
Koyama K, Hirasawa Y, Zaima K et al (2008) Alstilobanines A-E, new indole alkaloids from
Alstonia angustiloba. Bioorganic Med Chem 16:6483–6488
Koyama K, Hirasawa Y, Hosoya T, Hoe T (2010a) Alpneumines A-H, new anti-melanogenic
indole alkaloids from Alstonia pneumatophora. Bioorg Med Chem 18:4415–4421
Koyama K, Hirasawa Y, Nugroho AE et al (2010b) Alsmaphorazines A and B, novel indole
alkaloids from Alstonia pneumatophora. Org Lett 12:4188–4191
Krishnan P, Mai CW, Yong KT et al (2019) Alstobrogaline, an unusual pentacyclic
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with aldimine and aldimine-N-oxide moieties from Alstonia
scholaris. Tetrahedron Lett 60:789–791
Ku WF, Tan SJ, Low YY et al (2011) Angustilobine and andranginine type indole alkaloids and an
uleine-secovallesamine bisindole alkaloid from Alstonia angustiloba. Phytochemistry
72:2212–2218
Kuok CF, Zhang J, Kuok CF et al (2017) Meloslines A and B, two novel indole alkaloids from
Alstonia scholaris. Tetrahedron Lett 58:2740–2742
Kweifio Okai G, Bird D, Field B et al (1995) Antiinflammatory activity of a Ghanaian antiarthritic
herbal preparation: III. J Ethnopharmacol 46:7–15
Kweifio Okai G, Carroll AR (1993) Antiarthritic effect of lupeol acetate. Phyther Res 7:213–215
Lemmens RHMJ (2005) Alstonia congensis (PROTA)-Pl@ntUse English. Wageningen,
Netherlands
Li C, Chen S, Sun C et al (2017) Cytotoxic monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Alstonia
yunnanensis Diels. Fitoterapia 117:79–83
Li R, Zi MJ, Gou ZP et al (2019) Pharmacokinetics and safety evaluation in healthy Chinese
volunteers of alkaloids from leaf of Alstonia scholaris: a multiple doses phase I clinical trial.
Phytomedicine 61:152828
Lim SH, Low YY, Sinniah SK et al (2014) Macroline, akuammiline, sarpagine, and ajmaline
alkaloids from Alstonia macrophylla. Phytochemistry 98:204–215
Liu L, Chen YY, Qin XJ et al (2015) Antibacterial monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Alstonia
scholaris cultivated in temperate zone. Fitoterapia 105:160–164
Macabeo APG, Krohn K, Gehle D et al (2005) Indole alkaloids from the leaves of Philippine
Alstonia scholaris. Phytochemistry 66:1158–1162
Macabeo APG, Krohn K, Gehle D et al (2008) Activity of the extracts and indole alkaloids from
Alstonia scholaris against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Philipp Agric Sci 91:348–351
Mandal AB, Chattopadhyay D (2006a) Herbal vaginal contraceptive an effective birth control
measure (topical). IN1128/DEL/2005
Mandal AB, Chattopadhyay D (2016b) Herbal antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic
formulation (topical/oral), IN1121/DEL/2005
Maurya A, Dwivedi GR, Darokar MP, Srivastava SK (2014) Preparative isolation of bioenhancer
loganetin from sf Alstonia scholaris by fast centrifugal partition chromatography. Sep Sci
Technol 49:773–777
Min X, Jing H, Liping X et al (2017) A kind of pharmaceutical preparation for preventing and
treating livestock and birds respiratory disease and preparation method thereof.
CN107569538A
Mingzhi L, Lifei X, Zhifen D, et al (2010) Alstonia-leaf tea bag and processing method thereof,
CN101983574A
Monachino J (1949) A revision of the genus Alstonia (Apocynaceae). Pacific Sci III:133–182
Nguyen PQT, Ooi JSG, Nguyen NTK et al (2015) Antiviral cystine knot a-amylase inhibitors
from Alstonia scholaris. J Biol Chem 290:31138–31150
Ojewole JAO (2008) Studies on the pharmacology of echitamine, an alkaloid from the stem bark
of Alstonia boonei L. (Apocynaceae). Int J Crude Drug Res 22:121–143
14 Pharmaceutical Application of Bio-actives …
531