fungal mixture) and sonication with fungal mixture dual effect. These data confirmed the importance of fungal mixture, wounding stress and reactive oxygen
species on the production of glyceollin and isoflavonoid present in soybean plant
(Kalli et al. 2020).
1.4.2.7 Effect of Fungal Biotic Elicitor in Sign-Al Transduction
in Potato Tubers
Kawakita et al. experimentally confirmed the positive role of fungal elicitor
(Phytophthora infestans) in the involvement of guanosine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphatase activity in the tubers of potato. The experiment was started
with reaction between potato tuber and hyphae wall component of P. infestans in
presence of sorbitol, potassium metametabisulfate, and salicylhydroxamic acid and
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride followed by centrifugation at 14,000 rotations per
minute for fifteen minutes and again recentrifuged at one hour. The outcomes
revealed that relative gamma guanosine triphosphatase activity was increased with
1 micromolar concentration of adenosine triphosphate upto 5 h with P. infestans
elicitor. So these outcomes confirmed the importance of fungal strains in signal
transduction in potato tuber (Kawakita and Doke 1994).
1.4.2.8 Effect of Carbohydrate on Secondary Metabolite
Accumulation in Fagonia indica
Khan et al. scientifically proved the importance of carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose,
fructose and maltose) on the accumulation of secondary metabolites (phenolic
compounds and chlorophyll) in Fagonia indica plant. The experiment was started
with the formation of aforementioned plant callus culture by treating the explant of
plant stem portion with different concentrations (1, 3 and 5%) of sucrose, glucose,
fructose and maltose in MS medium followed by estimation of callus dimension,
maximum production of biomass, total phenolic compound production, chlorophyll
and estimation of free radical scavenging activity. The outcomes revealed the
maximum width and height of callus were obtained with 5% and 3% sucrose
concentration, respectively; maximum biomass production from fresh weight and
dry weight were obtained from 3 and 5% sucrose concentration, respectively;
maximum phenolic compounds were gained from 5% of maltose; phloroglucinol
was the most accumulated phenolic compound obtained from all the carbohydrate
callus as well as maximum radical scavenging activity was observed with 3%
glucose elicitation (Fig. 1.7). So these data confirmed the importance of different
carbohydrates on secondary metabolite accumulation in Fagonia indica (Khan et al.
2018).
20
S. Saha and D. Pal
species on the production of glyceollin and isoflavonoid present in soybean plant
(Kalli et al. 2020).
1.4.2.7 Effect of Fungal Biotic Elicitor in Sign-Al Transduction
in Potato Tubers
Kawakita et al. experimentally confirmed the positive role of fungal elicitor
(Phytophthora infestans) in the involvement of guanosine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphatase activity in the tubers of potato. The experiment was started
with reaction between potato tuber and hyphae wall component of P. infestans in
presence of sorbitol, potassium metametabisulfate, and salicylhydroxamic acid and
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride followed by centrifugation at 14,000 rotations per
minute for fifteen minutes and again recentrifuged at one hour. The outcomes
revealed that relative gamma guanosine triphosphatase activity was increased with
1 micromolar concentration of adenosine triphosphate upto 5 h with P. infestans
elicitor. So these outcomes confirmed the importance of fungal strains in signal
transduction in potato tuber (Kawakita and Doke 1994).
1.4.2.8 Effect of Carbohydrate on Secondary Metabolite
Accumulation in Fagonia indica
Khan et al. scientifically proved the importance of carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose,
fructose and maltose) on the accumulation of secondary metabolites (phenolic
compounds and chlorophyll) in Fagonia indica plant. The experiment was started
with the formation of aforementioned plant callus culture by treating the explant of
plant stem portion with different concentrations (1, 3 and 5%) of sucrose, glucose,
fructose and maltose in MS medium followed by estimation of callus dimension,
maximum production of biomass, total phenolic compound production, chlorophyll
and estimation of free radical scavenging activity. The outcomes revealed the
maximum width and height of callus were obtained with 5% and 3% sucrose
concentration, respectively; maximum biomass production from fresh weight and
dry weight were obtained from 3 and 5% sucrose concentration, respectively;
maximum phenolic compounds were gained from 5% of maltose; phloroglucinol
was the most accumulated phenolic compound obtained from all the carbohydrate
callus as well as maximum radical scavenging activity was observed with 3%
glucose elicitation (Fig. 1.7). So these data confirmed the importance of different
carbohydrates on secondary metabolite accumulation in Fagonia indica (Khan et al.
2018).
20
S. Saha and D. Pal