MSU
Monosodium Urate
NFAT
Nuclear Factor Of Activated T-Cells
NK
Natural Killer
NLGP
Neem Leaf Glycoprotein
NO
Nitric Oxide
NOX
NADPH oxidase
NTP
Nitro Tyrosine-Protein
PBMCs
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
PBMCs
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
PCNA
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
PINFLCs Pro-inflammatory Cytokine
PINFLMs Pro-inflammatory mediators
PHA
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
PhI
Phagocytic Index
PMA
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate
PPARs
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
RA
Rheumatoid Arthritis
ROS
Reactive Oxygen Species
SOCS3
Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3
STAT3
Signal Transducers And Activators of Transcription 3
TGF-b
Transforming Growth Factor
TLR4
Toll-Like Receptor 4
TREM2
Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2
VCAM-1 Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1
VEGF-A Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
6.1 Introduction
The immune system is the body’s defense mechanism against numerous common
pathogens. The elements which activate the immune system include earlier infections, vaccination, and several outside stimuli. Also, immunity is accomplished of
discerning between the proteins of the body, cells and foreign invaders. Once the
external element is recognized, the cumulative and corresponding counter of precise
cells and arbitrator against different elements establishes the immune response
(Baxter 2007). Role-based immune mechanisms classified into two main classes,
i.e., nonspecific defense mechanisms and the specific immune system, (Vesely et al.
2011). The physicochemical and microbiological hurdles further seldom counted in
the nonspecific immune system, but, the key intermediaries of the immune mechanism which transfer immediate shield comprise macrophages, acute phase proteins, monocytes, cytokines, neutrophils and complement. Entire stages of innate
immunity comprise APCs and macrophages that have a crucial function in
6 Natural Compounds Extracted from Medicinal Plants …
199
Monosodium Urate
NFAT
Nuclear Factor Of Activated T-Cells
NK
Natural Killer
NLGP
Neem Leaf Glycoprotein
NO
Nitric Oxide
NOX
NADPH oxidase
NTP
Nitro Tyrosine-Protein
PBMCs
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
PBMCs
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
PCNA
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
PINFLCs Pro-inflammatory Cytokine
PINFLMs Pro-inflammatory mediators
PHA
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
PhI
Phagocytic Index
PMA
Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate
PPARs
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
RA
Rheumatoid Arthritis
ROS
Reactive Oxygen Species
SOCS3
Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3
STAT3
Signal Transducers And Activators of Transcription 3
TGF-b
Transforming Growth Factor
TLR4
Toll-Like Receptor 4
TREM2
Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2
VCAM-1 Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1
VEGF-A Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
6.1 Introduction
The immune system is the body’s defense mechanism against numerous common
pathogens. The elements which activate the immune system include earlier infections, vaccination, and several outside stimuli. Also, immunity is accomplished of
discerning between the proteins of the body, cells and foreign invaders. Once the
external element is recognized, the cumulative and corresponding counter of precise
cells and arbitrator against different elements establishes the immune response
(Baxter 2007). Role-based immune mechanisms classified into two main classes,
i.e., nonspecific defense mechanisms and the specific immune system, (Vesely et al.
2011). The physicochemical and microbiological hurdles further seldom counted in
the nonspecific immune system, but, the key intermediaries of the immune mechanism which transfer immediate shield comprise macrophages, acute phase proteins, monocytes, cytokines, neutrophils and complement. Entire stages of innate
immunity comprise APCs and macrophages that have a crucial function in
6 Natural Compounds Extracted from Medicinal Plants …
199