732
A. Cybulski
Fig. 3 Refining semi-products: a metallic Al–Cu foam, and b Al–Cu drosses
Table 1 Parameters of the process of decoppering with the application of aluminum
Technological parameters
Lead mass
(kg)
Initial
temperature
(°C)
Aluminum
mass (kg)
Cooling time
(h)
Final
temperature
(°C)
Al–Cu
drosses (kg)
110,000
660
110
10
450
1200
Table 2 Chemical composition of lead during the exemplary industrial sample
Operation
Temperature
(°C)
Chemical composition of lead (%)
Sb
As
Sn
Ag
Cu
Al
Sb removal
660
0.053
0.0002
0.00072
0.0027
0.0664
0.00001
Decoppering 660
0.029
0.0001
0.00001
0.0026
0.0058
0.01363
Decoppering 450
0.036
0.0002
0.00002
0.0026
0.0006
0.00460
The exemplary chemical composition of Al–Cu drosses produced in the industrial
conditions during lead decoppering with aluminum is presented in Table 3.
The application of a new lead decoppering technology with the application of
aluminum results in the total elimination of the sulfur compounds from the refining
process, what improves the environmental protection conditions.
Comparing the sulfur and aluminum technology, in terms of the amount of byproducts, it can be stated that: