470
K. Tang et al.
Fig. 1 Schematic of Flash smelting process
The whole process has low energy consumption, low coke consumption, low smoke
rate, and high production.
The key component of the flash lead smelting furnace is the top nozzle which
used to add the lead concentrate and the coke, and the oxygen-riched air also injected
through this nozzle.
The arrangement and the structure of the top nozzle play important role in the
whole lead smelting process.
Numerical Models and Boundary Conditions
Geometry and Mesh
The major reaction is happened in the lead flash smelting shaft (as shown in Fig. 1,
specification 1). Figure 2 shows the computational domain, concluding the feed
burner at the top of the furnace and the uptake shaft connecting the gas flue outlet.
The total mesh number is 2.4 million. The structured mesh was used for the shaft.
Mathematics Model
(1) Continuity equation
Basic control equation for industrial oxygen transfer process, in order to describe the
flow and heat transfer between industrial oxygen and material particles in the furnace,
is necessary to establish related differential equations, including mass and energy