468
M. Kaya et al.
malic acids achieved more than 90% Zn dissolution with significant Zn–Fe or Zn–As
dissolution difference selectivity at 1/10 S/L ratio for Oreks flotation tails. H 2 SO 4
dissolved Zn, As, and Fe without Pb and Ag at 40 °C and 60 min. HCl dissolved
similar percent Zn at 10% Pb co-dissolution at higher temperature (80 °C) and shorter
time (30 min). 1.0 M malic and citric acids at 1/10 S/L ratio achieves more than 91.6
and 91% Pb and 8 and 12% Pb co-dissolutions respectively at 80 °C and 180 min.
Formic acid dissolves about 83% Zn with less than 3% Pb at 60 °C and 180 min
leaching time. Zn dissolutions with tartaric, ascorbic, and oxalic acids were very
low for 180 min. leaching time and up to 80 °C leaching temperature. Interestingly,
oxalic acid dissolved more than 93% Fe and 66% As impurities without significant
Zn and Pb dissolution at 60 °C and 180 min leaching time.
Acknowledgements This project was supported by European Union ERA-MIN2-Minteco Project
and Turkish Tübitak 217M959.
References
1. Dreisinger DB, Peters E, Morgan G (1990) The hydrometallurgical treatment of carbon steel
EAF dust by the UBC-Chaparral process. Hydrometallurgy 25:137–152
2. Larba R, Boukerche I, Alane N, Djerad S, Tifouti L (2013) Citric acid as an alternative lixiviant
for zinc oxide dissolution. Hydrometallurgy 134–135:117–123
3. Boukerche I, Djerad S, Larba R, Benmansour L, Tifouti L (2018) Dissolution behavior of
metallic zinc in organic acid. Env Res Tech 1(3):11–18
4. Furrer G, Stumm W (1986) The coordination chemistry of weathering: I. dissolution kinetics
of δAl 2 O 3 and BeO. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 50:1847–1860
5. Kaya M, Gul E, Kursunoglu S, Hussaini S (2019) Leaching of oxidized Turkish Pb–Zn flotation
tails by inorganic acids, IMPC-Eurasia-2019 Congress, Antalya-Turkey
6. https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/acidity2.html
7. https://www.wikipedia.org
8. Lottering C (2016) Leaching of secondary zinc oxides using sulphuric acid, M. Eng. Thesis.
University of Stellenbosch, S.A., 116 p
9. Herroro D, Arias PL, Güemaz B, Barrio VL, Cambra JF, Requies J (2010) Hydrometallurgical
process development fort he production of a zinc sulphate liquor suitable for electrowinning.
Miners Eng 23:511–517
10. Havlik T, Souza BV, Bernardes AM, Schneider IA, Miškufová H (2006) Hydrometallurgical
processing of carbon steel EAF dust. J Hazard Mater 53(1–3):311–318
11. Wang L, Mu W, Shen H, Liu S, Zhai Y (2015) Leaching of lead from zinc leach residue in
acidic calcium chloride aqueous solution. Int J Miner Metal Mater 22(5):460–465
12. Ru¸ sen A, Sunkar AA, Topkaya Y (2008) Zinc and lead extraction from Çinkur leach residues
by using hydrometallurgical method. Hydrometallurgy 93:45–50
13. Nworie OE, Qin J, Lin C (2017) Differential effects of low molecular weight organic acids
on th mobility of soil-borne arsenic and trace metals. Toxics 5:18. https://doi.org/10.3390/
toxics5030
M. Kaya et al.
malic acids achieved more than 90% Zn dissolution with significant Zn–Fe or Zn–As
dissolution difference selectivity at 1/10 S/L ratio for Oreks flotation tails. H 2 SO 4
dissolved Zn, As, and Fe without Pb and Ag at 40 °C and 60 min. HCl dissolved
similar percent Zn at 10% Pb co-dissolution at higher temperature (80 °C) and shorter
time (30 min). 1.0 M malic and citric acids at 1/10 S/L ratio achieves more than 91.6
and 91% Pb and 8 and 12% Pb co-dissolutions respectively at 80 °C and 180 min.
Formic acid dissolves about 83% Zn with less than 3% Pb at 60 °C and 180 min
leaching time. Zn dissolutions with tartaric, ascorbic, and oxalic acids were very
low for 180 min. leaching time and up to 80 °C leaching temperature. Interestingly,
oxalic acid dissolved more than 93% Fe and 66% As impurities without significant
Zn and Pb dissolution at 60 °C and 180 min leaching time.
Acknowledgements This project was supported by European Union ERA-MIN2-Minteco Project
and Turkish Tübitak 217M959.
References
1. Dreisinger DB, Peters E, Morgan G (1990) The hydrometallurgical treatment of carbon steel
EAF dust by the UBC-Chaparral process. Hydrometallurgy 25:137–152
2. Larba R, Boukerche I, Alane N, Djerad S, Tifouti L (2013) Citric acid as an alternative lixiviant
for zinc oxide dissolution. Hydrometallurgy 134–135:117–123
3. Boukerche I, Djerad S, Larba R, Benmansour L, Tifouti L (2018) Dissolution behavior of
metallic zinc in organic acid. Env Res Tech 1(3):11–18
4. Furrer G, Stumm W (1986) The coordination chemistry of weathering: I. dissolution kinetics
of δAl 2 O 3 and BeO. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 50:1847–1860
5. Kaya M, Gul E, Kursunoglu S, Hussaini S (2019) Leaching of oxidized Turkish Pb–Zn flotation
tails by inorganic acids, IMPC-Eurasia-2019 Congress, Antalya-Turkey
6. https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/acidity2.html
7. https://www.wikipedia.org
8. Lottering C (2016) Leaching of secondary zinc oxides using sulphuric acid, M. Eng. Thesis.
University of Stellenbosch, S.A., 116 p
9. Herroro D, Arias PL, Güemaz B, Barrio VL, Cambra JF, Requies J (2010) Hydrometallurgical
process development fort he production of a zinc sulphate liquor suitable for electrowinning.
Miners Eng 23:511–517
10. Havlik T, Souza BV, Bernardes AM, Schneider IA, Miškufová H (2006) Hydrometallurgical
processing of carbon steel EAF dust. J Hazard Mater 53(1–3):311–318
11. Wang L, Mu W, Shen H, Liu S, Zhai Y (2015) Leaching of lead from zinc leach residue in
acidic calcium chloride aqueous solution. Int J Miner Metal Mater 22(5):460–465
12. Ru¸ sen A, Sunkar AA, Topkaya Y (2008) Zinc and lead extraction from Çinkur leach residues
by using hydrometallurgical method. Hydrometallurgy 93:45–50
13. Nworie OE, Qin J, Lin C (2017) Differential effects of low molecular weight organic acids
on th mobility of soil-borne arsenic and trace metals. Toxics 5:18. https://doi.org/10.3390/
toxics5030