430
R. Kh. Sharipov et al.
to chemically convert and which prevent their use without physicochemical transformations of their structure. A change in the physicochemical state of the dumps
sometimes leads to the possibility of their successful processing.
Refractory ores make up 75–80% of the mineral resource base of non-ferrous metallurgy in Kazakhstan. Existing technologies cannot ensure the efficiency of extraction of precious and non-ferrous metals from these ores which would be comparable
with technological indicators in the processing of such raw mineral materials for
which traditional technologies were created. The need for new scientific approaches
to creating technical solutions and technologies adapted to the changing mineral
resource base is obvious. In this case, it is necessary to study issues related to the
structural features of not only minerals containing recoverable metals, but also the
mineralogical features of the rocks included. The formation of minerals during the
processes of ore formation under various thermobarogeochemical conditions determines the features of the material composition of ores, the energy characteristics
of ore minerals, their geochemical specialization, and the form in which metals are
found in the structure of minerals.
As is known, the processes of electrochemical dissolution and reduction of metals are widely used in hydrometallurgical technologies [1]. The scientific research
results on combined electrochemical reactions that we found in literary sources take
place only when studying corrosion processes. However, published data in this scientific direction show that it is possible to use combined electrochemical reactions to
develop innovative technical solutions in hydrometallurgy, including to reduce the
technological chain of raw materials—the final product [2].
We have developed a method for the use of combined electrochemical reactions
to carry out the process of obtaining a leaching agent and reactions of the transfer of
metals into solution in the volume of one unit [3, 4]. The proposed method is very
complicated and it is necessary to provide knowledge of the processes in the following areas for successful development of technologies: (i) the mineral-electrolyte
interface, (ii) the solution–solution interface, (iii) structure of the studied inorganic
aqueous solutions, (iv) structural changes in solid systems after treatment with a
leaching agent, and (v) influence of physicochemical factors on the change in the
structure of the studied systems.
Experimental
The Shalkiya deposit is one of the largest lead-zinc deposits in the world and takes
fifth place in the world in terms of zinc reserves. The ore of this deposit is classified
as difficult to ore due to the thin dissemination of minerals, their close intergrowth
among themselves and with rock-forming minerals, and the presence of thin carbonaceous inclusions. The high dispersion of minerals (galena, sphalerite, pyrite, etc.),
their close intergrowth with minerals of the rock and with each other, the presence
of small carbonaceous inclusions, the presence of easily grinding minerals along
with high-strength mineral formations lead to many difficulties, both in enrichment
R. Kh. Sharipov et al.
to chemically convert and which prevent their use without physicochemical transformations of their structure. A change in the physicochemical state of the dumps
sometimes leads to the possibility of their successful processing.
Refractory ores make up 75–80% of the mineral resource base of non-ferrous metallurgy in Kazakhstan. Existing technologies cannot ensure the efficiency of extraction of precious and non-ferrous metals from these ores which would be comparable
with technological indicators in the processing of such raw mineral materials for
which traditional technologies were created. The need for new scientific approaches
to creating technical solutions and technologies adapted to the changing mineral
resource base is obvious. In this case, it is necessary to study issues related to the
structural features of not only minerals containing recoverable metals, but also the
mineralogical features of the rocks included. The formation of minerals during the
processes of ore formation under various thermobarogeochemical conditions determines the features of the material composition of ores, the energy characteristics
of ore minerals, their geochemical specialization, and the form in which metals are
found in the structure of minerals.
As is known, the processes of electrochemical dissolution and reduction of metals are widely used in hydrometallurgical technologies [1]. The scientific research
results on combined electrochemical reactions that we found in literary sources take
place only when studying corrosion processes. However, published data in this scientific direction show that it is possible to use combined electrochemical reactions to
develop innovative technical solutions in hydrometallurgy, including to reduce the
technological chain of raw materials—the final product [2].
We have developed a method for the use of combined electrochemical reactions
to carry out the process of obtaining a leaching agent and reactions of the transfer of
metals into solution in the volume of one unit [3, 4]. The proposed method is very
complicated and it is necessary to provide knowledge of the processes in the following areas for successful development of technologies: (i) the mineral-electrolyte
interface, (ii) the solution–solution interface, (iii) structure of the studied inorganic
aqueous solutions, (iv) structural changes in solid systems after treatment with a
leaching agent, and (v) influence of physicochemical factors on the change in the
structure of the studied systems.
Experimental
The Shalkiya deposit is one of the largest lead-zinc deposits in the world and takes
fifth place in the world in terms of zinc reserves. The ore of this deposit is classified
as difficult to ore due to the thin dissemination of minerals, their close intergrowth
among themselves and with rock-forming minerals, and the presence of thin carbonaceous inclusions. The high dispersion of minerals (galena, sphalerite, pyrite, etc.),
their close intergrowth with minerals of the rock and with each other, the presence
of small carbonaceous inclusions, the presence of easily grinding minerals along
with high-strength mineral formations lead to many difficulties, both in enrichment