Characterization of Phase Equilibria
and Thermodynamics with Integrated
Experimental and Modelling Approach
for Complex Lead Primary
and Recycling Processing
E. Jak, M. Shevchenko, D. Shishin, T. Hidayat and P. C. Hayes
Abstract Substantial advances have been made in the characterization of phase
equilibria and thermodynamic properties of complex multi-phase equilibria in gas—
slag—matte—metal—speiss—solids systems directly relevant to primary and recycling lead smelting. The present review summarizes some of the outcomes of recent
studies of the multi-component and multi-phase system containing PbO–ZnO–
“Cu 2 O”–FeO–Fe 2 O 3 –CaO–SiO 2 –S as major components, Al 2 O 3 –MgO–Cr 2 O 3 as
minor slagging components, and As–Bi–Ni–Sb–Sn–Ag–Au–Co as other minor components. The research methodology that has been employed involves the integration
of experimental measurement and thermodynamic database development. The target
of these fundamental studies is to characterize phase equilibria and thermodynamics
of this multi-component system and to develop a thermodynamic database as part of
a computer package that can be used to assist in optimization of all stages of the value
chain from sintering, smelting, and zinc fuming in primary production to complex
chemistry processing in recycling. A summary and examples of research outcomes
and applications are presented.
Keywords Phase equilibria · Thermodynamic modelling · Primary lead ·
Secondary lead · Matte formation · Minor elements · Lead refining · Speiss
formation
E. Jak (B) · M. Shevchenko · D. Shishin · T. Hidayat · P. C. Hayes
School of Chemical Engineering, PYROSEARCH, Pyrometallurgy Innovation Centre, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
e-mail: e.jak@uq.edu.au
T. Hidayat
Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Bandung University of Science and Technology,
Bandung, Indonesia
© The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2020
A. Siegmund et al. (eds.), PbZn 2020: 9th International Symposium
on Lead and Zinc Processing, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37070-1_30
337
and Thermodynamics with Integrated
Experimental and Modelling Approach
for Complex Lead Primary
and Recycling Processing
E. Jak, M. Shevchenko, D. Shishin, T. Hidayat and P. C. Hayes
Abstract Substantial advances have been made in the characterization of phase
equilibria and thermodynamic properties of complex multi-phase equilibria in gas—
slag—matte—metal—speiss—solids systems directly relevant to primary and recycling lead smelting. The present review summarizes some of the outcomes of recent
studies of the multi-component and multi-phase system containing PbO–ZnO–
“Cu 2 O”–FeO–Fe 2 O 3 –CaO–SiO 2 –S as major components, Al 2 O 3 –MgO–Cr 2 O 3 as
minor slagging components, and As–Bi–Ni–Sb–Sn–Ag–Au–Co as other minor components. The research methodology that has been employed involves the integration
of experimental measurement and thermodynamic database development. The target
of these fundamental studies is to characterize phase equilibria and thermodynamics
of this multi-component system and to develop a thermodynamic database as part of
a computer package that can be used to assist in optimization of all stages of the value
chain from sintering, smelting, and zinc fuming in primary production to complex
chemistry processing in recycling. A summary and examples of research outcomes
and applications are presented.
Keywords Phase equilibria · Thermodynamic modelling · Primary lead ·
Secondary lead · Matte formation · Minor elements · Lead refining · Speiss
formation
E. Jak (B) · M. Shevchenko · D. Shishin · T. Hidayat · P. C. Hayes
School of Chemical Engineering, PYROSEARCH, Pyrometallurgy Innovation Centre, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
e-mail: e.jak@uq.edu.au
T. Hidayat
Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Bandung University of Science and Technology,
Bandung, Indonesia
© The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2020
A. Siegmund et al. (eds.), PbZn 2020: 9th International Symposium
on Lead and Zinc Processing, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37070-1_30
337