302
C. Chen et al.
more emphasis has been placed on its environment protection, especially with respect
to air pollution, heavy metal pollution, scattered pollution, and other problems. The
Chinese government has always been highlighting environmental protection in their
governance. So, it is an important developing target for metallurgical enterprises
to ensure stable and efficient development by means of modern reforms and plant
upgrades considering the entire life cycle. Wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue
are by-products of metallurgical enterprises and have become critical obstacles to
resolve for “green” metallic products.
The Project Cases
Lead Bullion Production at Zhuzhou Smelter
Zhuzhou smelter is located in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, which is a large-scale
Cu and Pb and Zn smelter built in 1981. Since the plant was put into operation
in January 2013, it has been in good operation for now 6 continuous years with
excellent performance at both domestic and international level and demonstrated its
outstanding features.
Raw Material Management
Through the modernization and updating of the production mode and process, the
high requirements from variations in raw materials on the main furnace operations in
the early stage of production have been lowered by selecting a wider range of different
types of slag. The proportion of lead in the concentrates has been reduced to 30%.
The fluxes used for slag making (river sand and limestone) have been changed to
more efficient materials.
Main Process and Production Management
Process control is the core part of flash smelting. During six months of operation,
a manual for process control of the flash smelting furnace was developed, which
provides a foundation for sound production management as well as safety and environmental protection. The maintenance shut down in September 2013 during which
also improvement modifications were implemented and enabled the furnace system
to distinctively raise its production efficiency. This operating level was maintained
for 10 months.
C. Chen et al.
more emphasis has been placed on its environment protection, especially with respect
to air pollution, heavy metal pollution, scattered pollution, and other problems. The
Chinese government has always been highlighting environmental protection in their
governance. So, it is an important developing target for metallurgical enterprises
to ensure stable and efficient development by means of modern reforms and plant
upgrades considering the entire life cycle. Wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue
are by-products of metallurgical enterprises and have become critical obstacles to
resolve for “green” metallic products.
The Project Cases
Lead Bullion Production at Zhuzhou Smelter
Zhuzhou smelter is located in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, which is a large-scale
Cu and Pb and Zn smelter built in 1981. Since the plant was put into operation
in January 2013, it has been in good operation for now 6 continuous years with
excellent performance at both domestic and international level and demonstrated its
outstanding features.
Raw Material Management
Through the modernization and updating of the production mode and process, the
high requirements from variations in raw materials on the main furnace operations in
the early stage of production have been lowered by selecting a wider range of different
types of slag. The proportion of lead in the concentrates has been reduced to 30%.
The fluxes used for slag making (river sand and limestone) have been changed to
more efficient materials.
Main Process and Production Management
Process control is the core part of flash smelting. During six months of operation,
a manual for process control of the flash smelting furnace was developed, which
provides a foundation for sound production management as well as safety and environmental protection. The maintenance shut down in September 2013 during which
also improvement modifications were implemented and enabled the furnace system
to distinctively raise its production efficiency. This operating level was maintained
for 10 months.