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S. Kakkar et al.
1 Introduction
1.1 Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology has recently become the most important area of research which deals
with the manufacturing of new materials; it creates new processes and new applications (Ibrahim et al. 2016). Nanoparticles are synthesized by numerous physical,
chemical, and biological methods. A biological method includes microbes, fishes,
plants, and so on, for manufacturing of biogenic nanoparticles. This biological process does not involve any harmful chemicals and solvent. This method of nanoparticle
synthesis is termed as “green synthesis”.
It combines knowledge from diverse dimensions of science and found a major
contribution to the field of physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. It is one of the
most rapidly growing fields of technology that has raised variety of new frontiers
of research. Recently, nanotechnology focused on developing “clean” and “green”
technologies which have various significant environmental benefits and has become
a brand known as “green technology”.
Nanotechnology is also formed in conjugation with biotechnology and engineering technologies, for synthesis of environment-friendly biogenic nanoparticles. The
nanoparticles made from green innovations are eco-friendly, energy-efficient, reduce
waste, and diminish greenhouse gas emissions. These nanoparticles have several
advantages because of uniform size and shape. They remove harmful chemicals and
pollutants from environment by counteracting them or through alteration in various
synthesis conditions. These synthesized nanoparticles do not disturb earth’s ecosystem and also conserves its natural resources (Ali Mansoori et al. 2008; Bhavani et al.
2014).
1.2 Green Technology and Green Nanotechnology
Green technology is an environment-friendly and innovative technology which conserves natural resources in order to make a sustainable development. The major goals
of this technology are to reduce non-renewable resource, reduce energy usage, and
increase the human quality in life without damaging natural resources on earth. This
includes environment sustainability, source reduction, energy, green building, and
green chemistry.
Green nanotechnology is the branch of green technology, with green energy system, green information technology, that uses green chemistry and green engineering
principles. The principles of this technology are to produce safer and sustainable
nanoparticles. For sustainable development of these nanoparticles, the biogenic process is required nowadays because they are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and consume
less energy; it does not impart any hazardous effect on the environment and produces
safer products and by-products (Patra and Baek 2014; Rani and Sridevi 2017).
S. Kakkar et al.
1 Introduction
1.1 Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology has recently become the most important area of research which deals
with the manufacturing of new materials; it creates new processes and new applications (Ibrahim et al. 2016). Nanoparticles are synthesized by numerous physical,
chemical, and biological methods. A biological method includes microbes, fishes,
plants, and so on, for manufacturing of biogenic nanoparticles. This biological process does not involve any harmful chemicals and solvent. This method of nanoparticle
synthesis is termed as “green synthesis”.
It combines knowledge from diverse dimensions of science and found a major
contribution to the field of physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. It is one of the
most rapidly growing fields of technology that has raised variety of new frontiers
of research. Recently, nanotechnology focused on developing “clean” and “green”
technologies which have various significant environmental benefits and has become
a brand known as “green technology”.
Nanotechnology is also formed in conjugation with biotechnology and engineering technologies, for synthesis of environment-friendly biogenic nanoparticles. The
nanoparticles made from green innovations are eco-friendly, energy-efficient, reduce
waste, and diminish greenhouse gas emissions. These nanoparticles have several
advantages because of uniform size and shape. They remove harmful chemicals and
pollutants from environment by counteracting them or through alteration in various
synthesis conditions. These synthesized nanoparticles do not disturb earth’s ecosystem and also conserves its natural resources (Ali Mansoori et al. 2008; Bhavani et al.
2014).
1.2 Green Technology and Green Nanotechnology
Green technology is an environment-friendly and innovative technology which conserves natural resources in order to make a sustainable development. The major goals
of this technology are to reduce non-renewable resource, reduce energy usage, and
increase the human quality in life without damaging natural resources on earth. This
includes environment sustainability, source reduction, energy, green building, and
green chemistry.
Green nanotechnology is the branch of green technology, with green energy system, green information technology, that uses green chemistry and green engineering
principles. The principles of this technology are to produce safer and sustainable
nanoparticles. For sustainable development of these nanoparticles, the biogenic process is required nowadays because they are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and consume
less energy; it does not impart any hazardous effect on the environment and produces
safer products and by-products (Patra and Baek 2014; Rani and Sridevi 2017).