Eco-friendly Surface Modification
and Nanofinishing of Textile Polymers
to Enhance Functionalisation
Mumal Singh, Mona Vajpayee and Lalita Ledwani
Abstract The chapter gives brief information about the application of non-thermal
atmospheric pressure plasma and nanotechnology in the fields of textiles. Four types
of atmospheric pressure plasma are used for surface modification of textiles, namely,
corona discharge, atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ), atmospheric pressure
glow discharge (APGD) and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). Cold plasma or nonthermal plasma is considered superior to other conventional modification techniques
as it can modify the polymeric surface without altering the bulk properties of the
material. The chapter also provides a brief idea about the classification, synthesis
and application of nanoparticles existing in different forms. The application of nanosized particles on textile materials confers unexpected properties different from those
of the bulk material. Together with plasma technology, nanoparticle-coated fabrics
can enhance the overall wear, comfort and care of the fabric. This chapter reviews
the recent studies involving modification and characterisation of textile highlighting
plasma and nano-pretreatment. This chapter also attempts to give an overview of
the literature on treatment of textiles categorising them on the basis of different
functional properties like antimicrobial, UV resistance, easy care, dye adsorption
and flame-retardant finishes that could be achieved by the application of metal and
metal oxide nanoparticles and enhanced by plasma pretreatment.
Keywords Non-thermal plasma · Textiles · Surface modification · Nanoparticles ·
Antimicrobial · UV protection · Dyeing
1 Introduction
Textiles have been an essential part of human history and can be seen everywhere in
modern society as well. Textiles can be divided into two main categories according
to their applications; one is traditional textiles that are used in fashion clothing and
apparels, and other is technical textiles (Schwarz and Kovaˇ cevi´ c 2017). Technical
textiles are used in diverse applications ranging from automobiles (in car interiors),
M. Singh · M. Vajpayee · L. Ledwani (B)
Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Science, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
e-mail: lalita.ledwani@jaipur.manipal.edu
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
L. Ledwani and J. S. Sangwai (eds.), Nanotechnology for Energy and Environmental
Engineering, Green Energy and Technology,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33774-2_23
529
and Nanofinishing of Textile Polymers
to Enhance Functionalisation
Mumal Singh, Mona Vajpayee and Lalita Ledwani
Abstract The chapter gives brief information about the application of non-thermal
atmospheric pressure plasma and nanotechnology in the fields of textiles. Four types
of atmospheric pressure plasma are used for surface modification of textiles, namely,
corona discharge, atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ), atmospheric pressure
glow discharge (APGD) and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). Cold plasma or nonthermal plasma is considered superior to other conventional modification techniques
as it can modify the polymeric surface without altering the bulk properties of the
material. The chapter also provides a brief idea about the classification, synthesis
and application of nanoparticles existing in different forms. The application of nanosized particles on textile materials confers unexpected properties different from those
of the bulk material. Together with plasma technology, nanoparticle-coated fabrics
can enhance the overall wear, comfort and care of the fabric. This chapter reviews
the recent studies involving modification and characterisation of textile highlighting
plasma and nano-pretreatment. This chapter also attempts to give an overview of
the literature on treatment of textiles categorising them on the basis of different
functional properties like antimicrobial, UV resistance, easy care, dye adsorption
and flame-retardant finishes that could be achieved by the application of metal and
metal oxide nanoparticles and enhanced by plasma pretreatment.
Keywords Non-thermal plasma · Textiles · Surface modification · Nanoparticles ·
Antimicrobial · UV protection · Dyeing
1 Introduction
Textiles have been an essential part of human history and can be seen everywhere in
modern society as well. Textiles can be divided into two main categories according
to their applications; one is traditional textiles that are used in fashion clothing and
apparels, and other is technical textiles (Schwarz and Kovaˇ cevi´ c 2017). Technical
textiles are used in diverse applications ranging from automobiles (in car interiors),
M. Singh · M. Vajpayee · L. Ledwani (B)
Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Science, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
e-mail: lalita.ledwani@jaipur.manipal.edu
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
L. Ledwani and J. S. Sangwai (eds.), Nanotechnology for Energy and Environmental
Engineering, Green Energy and Technology,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33774-2_23
529