viii
Preface
In the spirit of fostering foundational advances in computational and experimental methodologies supporting the ICME theme, the Materials and Manufacturing
Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory at Wright Patterson Air Force
Base and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research jointly initiated the Center
of Excellence on Integrated Materials Modeling (CEIMM) in 2012, with Johns
Hopkins University as the lead institution. Other major partners were the University
of California at Santa Barbara and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
CEIMM was focused on the development of fundamental science and common
threads of computational and experimental methods pertaining to structural materials. The central philosophy was to overcome limitations of empiricism-based
phenomenological models through physics-based 4-D spatiotemporal multi-scaling
approaches, transcending materials classes and boundaries between computational
materials science and computational mechanics. Research in CEIMM has developed
novel theoretical, computational, and experimental methods for advancing the
state of the art in science and engineering of ICME-related fields without being
material-specific. This includes mechanical modeling of high-temperature metals
and composite materials including predicting spatial and temporal response and
properties like strength, crystal plasticity, fracture, and fatigue. Significant advances
have been made in computational multi-scale modeling, materials characterization,
and experiments to efficiently describe the evolution of heterogeneities and outlier
structures and their effect on the balance of structural properties. A suite of methods
and models have been developed for two classes of structural materials, namely,
nickel-based superalloys and epoxy-matrix carbon fiber composites. The unifying
platform is accomplished through the incorporation of fundamental physics-based
multi-spatial and temporal scale modeling, in lieu of conventional empiricism.
This book discusses significant research advancements in ICME that have
taken place under the aegis of CEIMM. It includes contributions from other
thought leaders in the field, who are leading researchers in ICME from prominent
academic institutions and government laboratories. It also introduces theoretical,
computational, and experimental methods, advancing the state of the art in science
and engineering of the ICME fields for structural materials. A special focus is on
two structural materials listed below:
1. Ni-based superalloys, e.g., Ren´ e 88DT, characterized by polycrystalline
microstructures with sub-grain heterogeneities in the form of secondary γ − γ
phases;
2. Polymer matrix composites with carbon fibers in epoxy matrix.
Four themes are broadly addressed in this book. They are:
• Multi-scale Data Acquisition, Characterization, and Image-Based Virtual Models: This introduces methods of acquiring high-fidelity materials microstructural
data and methods of advanced microstructural characterization and addresses the
generation of three-dimensional statistically equivalent virtual models.
Preface
In the spirit of fostering foundational advances in computational and experimental methodologies supporting the ICME theme, the Materials and Manufacturing
Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory at Wright Patterson Air Force
Base and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research jointly initiated the Center
of Excellence on Integrated Materials Modeling (CEIMM) in 2012, with Johns
Hopkins University as the lead institution. Other major partners were the University
of California at Santa Barbara and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
CEIMM was focused on the development of fundamental science and common
threads of computational and experimental methods pertaining to structural materials. The central philosophy was to overcome limitations of empiricism-based
phenomenological models through physics-based 4-D spatiotemporal multi-scaling
approaches, transcending materials classes and boundaries between computational
materials science and computational mechanics. Research in CEIMM has developed
novel theoretical, computational, and experimental methods for advancing the
state of the art in science and engineering of ICME-related fields without being
material-specific. This includes mechanical modeling of high-temperature metals
and composite materials including predicting spatial and temporal response and
properties like strength, crystal plasticity, fracture, and fatigue. Significant advances
have been made in computational multi-scale modeling, materials characterization,
and experiments to efficiently describe the evolution of heterogeneities and outlier
structures and their effect on the balance of structural properties. A suite of methods
and models have been developed for two classes of structural materials, namely,
nickel-based superalloys and epoxy-matrix carbon fiber composites. The unifying
platform is accomplished through the incorporation of fundamental physics-based
multi-spatial and temporal scale modeling, in lieu of conventional empiricism.
This book discusses significant research advancements in ICME that have
taken place under the aegis of CEIMM. It includes contributions from other
thought leaders in the field, who are leading researchers in ICME from prominent
academic institutions and government laboratories. It also introduces theoretical,
computational, and experimental methods, advancing the state of the art in science
and engineering of the ICME fields for structural materials. A special focus is on
two structural materials listed below:
1. Ni-based superalloys, e.g., Ren´ e 88DT, characterized by polycrystalline
microstructures with sub-grain heterogeneities in the form of secondary γ − γ
phases;
2. Polymer matrix composites with carbon fibers in epoxy matrix.
Four themes are broadly addressed in this book. They are:
• Multi-scale Data Acquisition, Characterization, and Image-Based Virtual Models: This introduces methods of acquiring high-fidelity materials microstructural
data and methods of advanced microstructural characterization and addresses the
generation of three-dimensional statistically equivalent virtual models.