Challenges in Understanding the
Dynamic Behavior of Heterogeneous
Materials
Manny Gonzales and Naresh N. Thadhani
1 Introduction
Extreme dynamic environments are ubiquitous in defense applications, industrial
processing, and machining operations and in the study of celestial events such
as micrometeorite impact or in the formation of planets. Often, the materials
involved in these environments have microstructural and property heterogeneities
which influence the bulk response to the dynamic event. For the purposes of this
chapter, heterogeneous materials are reckoned as containing either inhomogeneities
or inclusions as defined by Mura [56], i.e., anything that produces an eigenstrain
in an otherwise continuously varying media. Multiphase materials such as dualphase steels, precipitation-hardened materials, composite materials, and particulate
or granular mixtures are naturally heterogeneous, and the heterogeneity may be
observed at disparate length scales among the different material types.
The importance of loading rate on the dynamic response depends on the
heterogeneity and degree of property contrasts in question [13, 24, 60]. For example,
polycrystalline materials may be considered heterogeneous at the meso-scale under
dynamic loading if there are significant property contrasts arising from orientation
mismatch or texture, especially if this creates disparities in an otherwise isotropic
wave propagation response. Highly deformed metals subjected to extreme dynamic
events can respond quite differently to high strain rate loading than quasi-static
loading due to metallurgical phenomena such as dynamic recovery and recrystallizaM. Gonzales ()
Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Dayton, OH,
USA
e-mail: manny.gonzales.1@us.af.mil
N. N. Thadhani
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
e-mail: naresh.thadhani@gatech.edu
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
S. Ghosh et al. (eds.), Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME),
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40562-5_14
367
Dynamic Behavior of Heterogeneous
Materials
Manny Gonzales and Naresh N. Thadhani
1 Introduction
Extreme dynamic environments are ubiquitous in defense applications, industrial
processing, and machining operations and in the study of celestial events such
as micrometeorite impact or in the formation of planets. Often, the materials
involved in these environments have microstructural and property heterogeneities
which influence the bulk response to the dynamic event. For the purposes of this
chapter, heterogeneous materials are reckoned as containing either inhomogeneities
or inclusions as defined by Mura [56], i.e., anything that produces an eigenstrain
in an otherwise continuously varying media. Multiphase materials such as dualphase steels, precipitation-hardened materials, composite materials, and particulate
or granular mixtures are naturally heterogeneous, and the heterogeneity may be
observed at disparate length scales among the different material types.
The importance of loading rate on the dynamic response depends on the
heterogeneity and degree of property contrasts in question [13, 24, 60]. For example,
polycrystalline materials may be considered heterogeneous at the meso-scale under
dynamic loading if there are significant property contrasts arising from orientation
mismatch or texture, especially if this creates disparities in an otherwise isotropic
wave propagation response. Highly deformed metals subjected to extreme dynamic
events can respond quite differently to high strain rate loading than quasi-static
loading due to metallurgical phenomena such as dynamic recovery and recrystallizaM. Gonzales ()
Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Dayton, OH,
USA
e-mail: manny.gonzales.1@us.af.mil
N. N. Thadhani
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
e-mail: naresh.thadhani@gatech.edu
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
S. Ghosh et al. (eds.), Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME),
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40562-5_14
367