Contents
Preface
xxi
1 Number Systems
1
1.1
Analogue Versus Digital
1
1.2
Introduction to Number Systems
2
1.3
Decimal Number System
2
1.4
Binary Number System
3
1.4.1 Advantages
3
1.5
Octal Number System
4
1.6
Hexadecimal Number System
4
1.7
Number Systems – Some Common Terms
4
1.7.1 Binary Number System
4
1.7.2 Decimal Number System
5
1.7.3 Octal Number System
5
1.7.4 Hexadecimal Number System
5
1.8
Number Representation in Binary
5
1.8.1 Sign-Bit Magnitude
5
1.8.2 1’s Complement
6
1.8.3 2’s Complement
6
1.9
Finding the Decimal Equivalent
6
1.9.1 Binary-to-Decimal Conversion
6
1.9.2 Octal-to-Decimal Conversion
6
1.9.3 Hexadecimal-to-Decimal Conversion
7
1.10 Decimal-to-Binary Conversion
7
1.11 Decimal-to-Octal Conversion
8
1.12 Decimal-to-Hexadecimal Conversion
9
1.13 Binary–Octal and Octal–Binary Conversions
9
1.14 Hex–Binary and Binary–Hex Conversions
10
1.15 Hex–Octal and Octal–Hex Conversions
10
1.16 The Four Axioms
11
1.17 Floating-Point Numbers
12
1.17.1 Range of Numbers and Precision
13
1.17.2 Floating-Point Number Formats
13