58
B. A. Balogun
y 1 , y 2 , y 3 , y 4 , . . . y n
where:
y 1 = Sense of community
y 2 = Fullness of life
y 3 = Common values and regulations
y n = Unspecified variable.
The independent construct (x) can be disaggregated into the following variables:
x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , . . . , x n
where:
x 1 = Leisure Time Physical Activity (LPTA)
x 2 = Recreation facilities
x 3 = Built environment
x n = Unspecified variable.
The operationalisation of the construct can be summarized in this model:
Factors for community health (Y)
Environment (X)
y 1 = Sense of community
x 1 = Leisure time physical activity
y 2 = Fullness of life
x 2 = Recreation facilities
y 3 = Health equity
x 3 = Built environment
4 Theoretical Background
A number of theories have been postulated and models have been proposed to discuss
leisure and recreation in practice (Henderson et al. 2004). ‘Play’, as the denominator
that brings the two terms ‘leisure’ and ‘recreation’ together, has been theorised for
ages. Even though the three words have been used interchangeably in some literature,
they are not the same (Caldwell and Witt 2011). Play remains the foundation upon
which leisure and recreation is built. Giddens (1964) established the relationship
between play and leisure and reviewed various theories of play including The Recreation Theory. Lazarus (1883, cited in Giddens 1964) propounded the Recreation
Theory, which emphasised that mental and physical recuperation was the hallmark
of recreation after people had been exposed to work-related stress. In this manner, it
is evident that play (through recreational activities) constitutes a social determinant
of health today. Eberle (2014) stated that much of the pleasure we derive from play is
social in nature, and play strengthens our social skills. Evidently, play provides the
platform for sound health to thrive on both the individual and communal level. There
are other theories and models that point to the usefulness and relevance of leisure and
recreation to health. For instance, applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)
B. A. Balogun
y 1 , y 2 , y 3 , y 4 , . . . y n
where:
y 1 = Sense of community
y 2 = Fullness of life
y 3 = Common values and regulations
y n = Unspecified variable.
The independent construct (x) can be disaggregated into the following variables:
x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , . . . , x n
where:
x 1 = Leisure Time Physical Activity (LPTA)
x 2 = Recreation facilities
x 3 = Built environment
x n = Unspecified variable.
The operationalisation of the construct can be summarized in this model:
Factors for community health (Y)
Environment (X)
y 1 = Sense of community
x 1 = Leisure time physical activity
y 2 = Fullness of life
x 2 = Recreation facilities
y 3 = Health equity
x 3 = Built environment
4 Theoretical Background
A number of theories have been postulated and models have been proposed to discuss
leisure and recreation in practice (Henderson et al. 2004). ‘Play’, as the denominator
that brings the two terms ‘leisure’ and ‘recreation’ together, has been theorised for
ages. Even though the three words have been used interchangeably in some literature,
they are not the same (Caldwell and Witt 2011). Play remains the foundation upon
which leisure and recreation is built. Giddens (1964) established the relationship
between play and leisure and reviewed various theories of play including The Recreation Theory. Lazarus (1883, cited in Giddens 1964) propounded the Recreation
Theory, which emphasised that mental and physical recuperation was the hallmark
of recreation after people had been exposed to work-related stress. In this manner, it
is evident that play (through recreational activities) constitutes a social determinant
of health today. Eberle (2014) stated that much of the pleasure we derive from play is
social in nature, and play strengthens our social skills. Evidently, play provides the
platform for sound health to thrive on both the individual and communal level. There
are other theories and models that point to the usefulness and relevance of leisure and
recreation to health. For instance, applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)